Table 2.
Cross-sectional Associations of Sleep Duration With Body Mass Index and Obesitya at Baseline, by Sex, National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, 1995–1996
| Model | Body Mass Index |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sleep Duration, hours |
P for Trend | ||||||||
| <5 |
5–6 |
7–8 |
≥9 |
||||||
| β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | ||
| Men | |||||||||
| Model 1b | 1.37 | 1.10, 1.64 | 0.55 | 0.47, 0.63 | 0 | Referent | 0.22 | −0.01, 0.44 | <0.001 |
| Model 2c | 0.97 | 0.71, 1.24 | 0.43 | 0.35, 0.51 | 0 | Referent | 0.12 | −0.09, 0.34 | <0.001 |
| Model 3d | 0.88 | 0.62, 1.14 | 0.40 | 0.32, 0.48 | 0 | Referent | 0.03 | −0.19, 0.24 | <0.001 |
| Women | |||||||||
| Model 1b | 2.05 | 1.73, 2.37 | 0.60 | 0.49, 0.71 | 0 | Referent | 0.68 | 0.39, 0.97 | <0.001 |
| Model 2c | 1.03 | 0.72, 1.33 | 0.23 | 0.13, 0.34 | 0 | Referent | 0.45 | 0.18, 0.72 | <0.001 |
| Model 3d | 1.01 | 0.72, 1.31 | 0.21 | 0.11, 0.31 | 0 | Referent | 0.31 | 0.04, 0.57 | <0.001 |
| Obesity |
P for Trend | ||||||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||
| Men | |||||||||
| Model 1b | 1.96 | 1.68, 2.30 | 1.32 | 1.25, 1.39 | 1 | Referent | 1.18 | 1.02, 1.38 | <0.001 |
| Model 2c | 1.6 | 1.36, 1.88 | 1.24 | 1.18, 1.31 | 1 | Referent | 1.12 | 0.96, 1.31 | <0.001 |
| Model 3d | 1.53 | 1.29, 1.81 | 1.23 | 1.16, 1.30 | 1 | Referent | 1.06 | 0.91, 1.24 | <0.001 |
| Women | |||||||||
| Model 1b | 2.06 | 1.80, 2.36 | 1.30 | 1.23, 1.37 | 1 | Referent | 1.38 | 1.21, 1.57 | <0.001 |
| Model 2c | 1.45 | 1.26, 1.68 | 1.13 | 1.07, 1.20 | 1 | Referent | 1.28 | 1.11, 1.47 | <0.001 |
| Model 3d | 1.49 | 1.28, 1.73 | 1.13 | 1.07, 1.19 | 1 | Referent | 1.21 | 1.05, 1.40 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
a Defined as a body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2) of 30 or higher.
b Adjusted for age.
c Adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, marital status, educational level, self-reported health, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and coffee consumption.
d Adjusted for variables in model 2 and physical activity level, overall time spent sitting, total caloric intake, and the intake of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and total fat.