Table 3.

Associations Between Baseline Sleep Duration and Weight Change From 1995 to 2004, by Sex, National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study

Weight Change, kg	Sleep Duration, hours								P for Trend
	<5		5–6		7–8		≥9
	βa	95% CI	βa	95% CI	β	95% CI	βa	95% CI
Men
Model 1b	0.85	0.38, 1.32	0.20	0.06, 0.34	0	Referent	0.24	−0.15, 0.62	0.001
Model 2c	0.66	0.19, 1.13	0.12	−0.02, 0.26	0	Referent	0.21	−0.18, 0.59	0.03
Model 3d	0.64	0.17, 1.12	0.12	−0.02, 0.26	0	Referent	0.20	−0.19, 0.59	0.04
Women
Model 1b	0.58	0.15, 1.01	0.33	0.18, 0.47	0	Referent	−0.42	−0.80, −0.03	<0.001
Model 2c	0.43	0.00, 0.86	0.23	0.08, 0.37	0	Referent	−0.27	−0.66, 0.11	0.001
Model 3d	0.41	−0.02, 0.84	0.22	0.07, 0.37	0	Referent	−0.26	−0.64, 0.13	0.002

Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.

^a Average difference in weight change for sleep duration category compared to the reference category.

^b Adjusted for age and baseline body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)²).

^c Adjusted for age, baseline body mass index, race/ethnicity, marital status, educational level, self-reported health, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and coffee consumption.

^d Adjusted for variables in model 2 and potential mediators, including physical activity level, overall time spent sitting, total caloric intake, and the intake of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and total fat.