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. 2013 Sep 7;22(12):2719–2730. doi: 10.1007/s00586-013-2992-1

Fig. 9.

Fig. 9

Comparison of percentage increase in maximum von Mises stresses in the annulus of the disc under flexion–extension due to UMIF approach, MHL approach and ML approach without facetectomy (a), with 25 % facetectomy (b) and with 50 % facetectomy (c)