Table 1.
Demographics and baseline assessments for rapid vs. gradual Changers; Mean (SD) or percentages.
| Overall Sample | Rapid (n=24) | Gradual (n=21) | F-test or χ2 | Cohen’s d or Φ (phi) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| % Female | 26.7 (n=12) | 29.2 (n=7) | 23.8 (n=5) | .164 | .06 | .685 |
| % Caucasiana | 86.7 (n=39) | 95.8 (n=23) | 76.2 (n=16) | -- | -- | -- |
| % Employed | 57.8 (n=26) | 45.8 (n=11) | 71.4 (n=15) | 3.01 | .26 | .083 |
| % Married | 64.4 (n=29) | 66.7 (n=16) | 61.9 (n=13) | .11 | .05 | .739 |
| Income | 5.6 (2.5) | 5.7(2.4) | 5.5 (2.6) | .18 | .08 | .672 |
| Age (years) | 48.7 (7.0) | 50.5 (7.0) | 46.7 (6.6) | 3.43 | .56 | .071 |
| Education (years) | 14.7 (2.1) | 14.6 (2.4) | 14.9 (1.8) | .10 | .14 | .756 |
| # Past Outpatient Tx | 1.4 (4.0) | 1.6 (4.9) | 1.1 (2.7) | .16 | .13 | .692 |
| # Tx Sessions | 10.1 (3.3) | 10.6 (3.1) | 9.4 (3.5) | 1.47 | .36 | .232 |
| ADS | 16.0 (7.4) | 16.9 (7.7) | 14.9 (7.0) | .83 | .27 | .368 |
| AASE Total Score | 54.7 (14.0) | 55.6 (15.7) | 53.7 (11.9) | .21 | .14 | .649 |
| PANAS | ||||||
| Positive Affect | 3.3 (0.8) | 3.4 (0.8) | 3.2 (0.8) | .48 | .25 | .493 |
| Negative Affect | 2.1 (0.7) | 2.3 (0.7) | 1.8 (0.8) | 6.21 | .32 | .017 |
| SOCRATESb | ||||||
| Ambivalence/Problem Recognition | 36.4 (5.2) | 39.0 (4.7) | 33.5 (4.3) | 4.73 | 1.22 | .035 |
| Taking Steps | 22.7 (4.8) | 24.1 (4.3) | 21.1 (4.9) | 16.50 | .65 | <.001 |
Note: ADS = Alcohol Dependence Scale; AASE = Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale; SOCRATES = Stage of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale. Income was measured using a 1–7 interval scale with 1=$0–10,000 and 8=$70,001 or more.
a
Chi-square was not performed due to cell size of 1 for minority and rapid changer.
b
SOCRATES was scored based on a two-factor scale (Maisto et al., 1999): Ambivalence/Problem Recognition (9 items) and Taking Steps (6 items).