Table 1. Subject Characteristics.
| Mean ± SEM | Range | |
|---|---|---|
| N | 30 | |
| Age (yr) | 16.1 ± 0.3 | 13 - 20 |
| Race (%) | ||
| Caucasian | 66.7 | |
| African American | 20.0 | |
| Biracial | 13.3 | |
| ALT (U/L) | 27.4 ± 1.6 | 14.0 - 47.0 |
| AST (U/L) | 22.9 ± 0.8 | 15.0 - 33.0 |
| DHEAS (ug/dl) | 195.0 ± 18.9 | 53.0 - 470.0 |
| T.Testos (ng/dl) | 40.2 ± 3.0 | 14.0 - 84.0 |
| F.Testos (pg/ml) | 8.7 ± 0.8 | 3.2 - 19.0 |
| Estradiol (pg/ml) | 70.4 ± 9.7 | 4.0 - 254.0 |
| SHBG (nmol/l) | 24.2 ± 2.7 | 10.0 - 80.0 |
| Anthropometric data | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 37.1 ± 1.3 | 27.8 - 57.0 |
| BMI percentile | 97.6 ± 0.3 | 93.8 - 99.7 |
| FM (kg) | 47.1 ± 2.5 | 27.2 - 83.0 |
| FFM (kg) | 48.7 ± 1.3 | 36.1 - 57.9 |
| BF (%) | 46.9 ± 0.9 | 37.1 - 57.9 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 104.5 ± 3.3 | 76.0 - 158.0 |
| Abdominal CT data (L4-5) * | ||
| VAT (cm2) | 74.1 ± 5.2 | 28.3 - 132.9 |
| SAT (cm2) | 600.0 ± 36.3 | 330.4 - 1098.0 |
| TAT (cm2) | 674.0 ± 38.5 | 393.5 - 1158.3 |
| Liver/spleen CT data | ||
| Liver HU | 63.6 ± 1.1 | 47.5 - 73.6 |
| Spleen HU | 51.3 ± 0.4 | 47.3 - 56.2 |
| FLI | 1.24 ± 0.02 | 0.9 - 1.5 |
| Fasting Metabolic Parameters | ||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 93.6 ± 1.2 | 85.5 - 112.8 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/ml) | 36.1 ± 2.7 | 11.5 - 69.2 |
| Hepatic glucose production (mg/kg/min) | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 1.2 - 3.7 |
| Hepatic insulin sensitivity (mg/kg/min per μU/ml) |
16.4 ± 1.5 | 6.2 - 44.4 |
| Glycerol Ra (umol/min) | 320.9 ± 29.0 | 111.2 - 731.5 |
| Adipo-IS (μmol/kg/min per μU/ml) | 14.6 ± 1.7 | 4.2 - 45.5 |
| Clamp Metabolic Parameters | ||
| Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (mg/kg/min) | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 3.0 - 9.7 |
| GOX (mg/kg/min) | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 1.0 - 3.8 |
| Non-oxidative glucose disposal (mg/kg/min) | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 0.98 - 7.21 |
| Insulin sensitivity (mg/kg/min per μU/ml) | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 0.80 - 3.6 |
T.Testos = total testosterone; F.Testos = free testosterone. FLI < 1.0 indicative of fatty liver.
*
n = 27