Table 1.
Weighted, Unadjusted Characteristics of Sample of Individuals with Probable Mental Disorder (n = 6,832 episodes/5,161 individuals)
| Outcome Variables | White | Black | Sig. | p-Value | Latino | Sig. | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initial phase of care | |||||||
| Initiation of care | 39.8% | 21.9% | *** | <.001 | 24.6% | *** | <.001 |
| Follow-up | |||||||
| Adequacy of care | 16.0% | 8.8% | *** | <.001 | 9.2% | *** | <.001 |
| RX only | 49.4% | 35.9% | *** | <.001 | 36.2% | *** | <.001 |
| Length of episode (days) | 183.1 | 166.5 | .219 | 157.7 | * | 0.034 | |
| Number of visits per episode | 5.4 | 5.4 | .904 | 5.5 | 0.904 | ||
| Expenditures per episode ($) | 1,667.3 | 2,103.0 | .213 | 1,761.5 | 0.633 | ||
| ER/IP use within episode | 3.4% | 7.0% | ** | .002 | 3.0% | 0.691 | |
| Termination | |||||||
| Termination before adequate treatment | 77.5% | 75.7% | .480 | 77.7% | 0.935 | ||
| Need-related variables | |||||||
| Mental health status variables | |||||||
| Mental health component SF-12 | 32.1 | 35.7 | *** | <.001 | 35.0 | *** | <.001 |
| Severe psychological distress (K-6 ≥13) | 12.8 | 12.1 | ** | .001 | 13.3 | * | 0.034 |
| Probable depressive disorder (PHQ-2 >2) | 4.0 | 3.9 | * | .024 | 4.0 | 0.792 | |
| Self-rated mental health | |||||||
| Excellent | 8.7% | 15.9% | *** | <.001 | 14.8% | *** | <.001 |
| Very good | 15.9% | 19.1% | .082 | 19.5% | * | 0.043 | |
| Good | 32.4% | 29.5% | .173 | 34.2% | 0.425 | ||
| Fair | 30.9% | 25.9% | * | .021 | 24.1% | ** | 0.002 |
| Poor | 12.2% | 9.6% | .152 | 7.5% | ** | 0.002 | |
| Other health status variables | |||||||
| 0 Physical health comorbidities | 30.7% | 33.2% | .293 | 46.6% | *** | <.001 | |
| 1 Physical health comorbidty | 22.6% | 22.9% | .886 | 19.4% | 0.090 | ||
| 2+ Physical health comorbidities | 46.7% | 43.9% | .262 | 34.0% | *** | <.001 | |
| Physical health component SF-12 | 41.2 | 40.8 | .574 | 42.4 | 0.055 | ||
| Any work limitation | 35.4% | 33.6% | .434 | 25.4% | *** | <.001 | |
| Other covariates related to need | |||||||
| Female | 60.9% | 65.2% | * | .040 | 62.7% | 0.375 | |
| Age | |||||||
| 18–24 | 8.2% | 12.2% | ** | .009 | 11.2% | * | 0.022 |
| 25–34 | 12.5% | 17.7% | ** | .004 | 20.6% | *** | 0.000 |
| 35–44 | 18.1% | 21.3% | .079 | 17.2% | 0.573 | ||
| 45–54 | 23.1% | 22.5% | .792 | 23.3% | 0.912 | ||
| 55–64 | 19.5% | 15.1% | * | .020 | 15.3% | * | 0.032 |
| 65–74 | 8.8% | 5.8% | * | .018 | 7.9% | 0.519 | |
| 75+ | 9.8% | 5.4% | *** | .000 | 4.6% | *** | 0.000 |
| Married | 47.9% | 25.8% | *** | .000 | 44.1% | 0.113 | |
| Number of episodes observed | |||||||
| 1 Episode | 49.9% | 51.3% | .678 | 54.0% | 0.219 | ||
| 2 Episodes | 32.1% | 31.7% | .899 | 27.9% | 0.131 | ||
| >2 Episodes | 18.0% | 17.0% | .700 | 18.1% | 0.959 | ||
| Non-need variables | |||||||
| % federal poverty level | |||||||
| <100% | 19.8% | 40.6% | *** | <.001 | 32.3% | *** | <.001 |
| 100–124% | 5.6% | 7.9% | * | .028 | 9.1% | *** | <.001 |
| 125–199% | 17.1% | 21.3% | * | .042 | 19.0% | 0.300 | |
| 200–399% | 31.7% | 21.5% | *** | <.001 | 28.6% | 0.186 | |
| 400%+ | 25.9% | 8.7% | *** | <.001 | 11.1% | *** | 0.000 |
| Education | |||||||
| <HS | 22.0% | 36.2% | *** | <.001 | 48.7% | *** | <.001 |
| HS grad | 38.3% | 39.3% | .675 | 27.8% | *** | <.001 | |
| Some college | 23.8% | 17.7% | ** | .002 | 16.0% | *** | <.001 |
| College grad | 15.9% | 6.9% | *** | <.001 | 7.6% | *** | <.001 |
| Health insurance | |||||||
| Any uninsured | 17.1% | 23.4% | *** | <.001 | 30.7% | *** | <.001 |
| Any public notuninsured | 29.5% | 43.1% | *** | <.001 | 37.7% | *** | <.001 |
| Any private not public not uninsured | 53.4% | 33.5% | *** | <.001 | 31.6% | *** | <.001 |
| HMO | 26.8% | 33.7% | ** | .005 | 35.1% | ** | 0.001 |
| Region | |||||||
| Northeast | 15.8% | 13.8% | .385 | 19.2% | 0.165 | ||
| Midwest | 26.5% | 18.4% | ** | .001 | 6.0% | *** | <.001 |
| South | 36.9% | 58.4% | *** | <.001 | 34.1% | 0.386 | |
| West | 20.8% | 9.5% | *** | <.001 | 40.7% | *** | <.001 |
| Employed | 45.4% | 41.2% | .095 | 43.5% | 0.410 | ||
| Urbanicity | 75.9% | 85.6% | ** | .002 | 94.1% | *** | <.001 |
Subsample of Adult Respondents in Panels 9–13 (2004–2009) of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey with K-6 >12 or PHQ->2.
***
p < .001,
**
p < .01,
*
p < .05.