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. 2013 Aug 7;85(2):289–306. doi: 10.1038/ki.2013.290

Figure 3.

Figure 3

(a) Representative sections from TdT-mediated dNTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining at the venous stenosis of the LV-shRNA-VEGF-A (LV) with scrambled-VEGF-A (control (C))–transduced control vessels or Avastin-treated with immunoglobulin G (IgG) controls at days 14 and 28. Nuclei staining brown are positive for TUNEL. Negative control is shown where the recombinant terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase enzyme was omitted. All are original magnification × 40. Bar=200 μm. *Indicates the lumen. Pooled data for LV- and C-transduced vessels or Avastin-treated or IgG controls are shown in b. This demonstrates a significant increase in the mean TUNEL index at day 14 (P<0.0001) in the LV group when compared with C group. Similar results are seen in Avastin-treated vessels when compared with IgG controls at day 14 (P<0.0001). Pooled data for the LV- and C-transduced vessels for caspase 3 activity at days 3 (D3), 7 (D7), and 14 (D14) is shown in c. This demonstrates a significant increase in the mean caspase 3 activities at days 3 to 14 (all P<0.001). Each bar shows mean±s.e.m. of 3–6 animals per group (b, c). Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Student's t-test with post hoc Bonferroni's correction was performed. Significant difference from control value is indicated by **P<0.001 and #P<0.0001.