Table 1. Synopsis of major findings.

	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21	Day 28
VEGF-A	↓	NC		NC
LVA		↑	↑	↑
CD31		↓	↓	↓
Sirius red	↓	↓	↓	NC
TUNEL		↑	NC	NC
Caspase 3	↑	↑
Ki-67		↓	↓	NC
RT-PCR
MMP-2	↓	NC		↑
Pro-MMP-2	↓	↓
Active-MMP-2	NC	↓
RT-PCR
MMP-9	↓	NC		NC
MMP-9	NC	↓
α-SMA		NC	↓	↓
VEGFR-1	↓	NC		NC
HIF-1α	NC	↓
VEGF-A staining	↓	↓

Abbreviations: HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α LVA, lumen vessel area; MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase 2; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase 9; NC, no change; RT-PCR, real-time PCR; α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; TUNEL, TdT-mediated dNTP nick end labeling; VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor-A; VEGFR-1, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1.

NC is no change between the lentivirus (LV)–small hairpin RNA (shRNA)–VEGF-A-transduced specimens and controls.

The symbol ‘↑' indicates significant increase between the LV-shRNA-VEGF-A-transduced specimens and controls.

The symbol ‘↓' indicates significant decrease between the LV-shRNA-VEGF-A-transduced specimens and controls.