Table 2.
Risk factors for increased triglyceride (TG) in 1579 HIV subjects (normal = 646, increased TG = 933) on ARV medication
| Characteristics |
Normal |
Increased triglyceride |
aOR |
95.0 C.I. for OR |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Mean ± S.D. |
Mean ± S.D. |
Lower | Upper | |||
| N (%) | N (%) | |||||
|
Age (per year) |
43.41 ± 10.51 |
45.14 ± 9.36 |
1.018 |
1.008 |
1.029 |
0.001 |
|
Gender | ||||||
| Male |
484 (74.9) |
788 ( 84.5) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| Female |
162 (25.1) |
145 ( 15.5) |
0.550 |
0.428 |
0.707 |
0.001 |
|
Ethnicity | ||||||
| Indian |
62 (9.7) |
96 (10.3) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| Malay |
190 (29.8) |
199 (21.4) |
0.676 |
0.464 |
0.985 |
0.042 |
| Chinese |
386 (60.5) |
635 (68.3) |
1.062 |
0.754 |
1.498 |
0.730 |
|
Hypertension | ||||||
| No |
515 (82.4) |
670 (75.5) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| Yes |
110 (17.6) |
217 (24.5) |
1.516 |
1.173 |
1.960 |
0.010 |
|
ARV medication | ||||||
| Without PI |
591 (93.6) |
786 (85.9) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| With PI |
42 (6.4) |
129 (14.1) |
2.309 |
1.605 |
3.324 |
0.001 |
|
b-Blocker |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Not taking |
620 (96.0) |
872 (93.5) |
|
|
|
|
| Taking |
26 (4.0) |
61 (6.5) |
1.668 |
1.042 |
2.670 |
0.033 |
|
Anti-hyperglycaemic agent | ||||||
| Taking |
45 (7.0) |
103 (11.0) |
|
|
|
|
| Not taking |
601 (93.0) |
830 (89.0) |
0.603 |
0.419 |
0.870 |
0.006 |
|
Diabetes mellitus | ||||||
| No |
565 (77.5) |
765 (82.0) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| Yes |
81 (12.5) |
186 (18.0) |
1.532 |
1.150 |
2.040 |
0.004 |
|
TC (mmol/l) |
5.05 ± 1.00 |
5.43 ± 1.40 |
1.281 |
1.179 |
1.392 |
0.001 |
| <5.17 |
363 (56.2) |
361 (38.7) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| ≥5.17 |
283 (59.1) |
571 (40.9) |
2.029 |
1.655 |
2.487 |
0.001 |
|
HDL (mmol/l) |
1.43 ± 0.44 |
1.24 ± 0.61 |
0.485 |
0.384 |
0.612 |
0.001 |
| Normal§ |
551 (85.3) |
576 (61.8) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| Low |
95 (14.7) |
356 (38.2) |
3.585 |
2.779 |
4.625 |
0.001 |
|
FPG (mmol/l) |
5.52 ± 1.37 |
5.91 ± 1.95 |
1.166 |
1.084 |
1.253 |
0.001 |
| Normal |
432 (68.7) |
519 (57.2) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| High |
197 (31.3) |
389 (42.8) |
1.644 |
1.327 |
2.035 |
0.001 |
|
Alcohol |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Not Taking |
635 (98.3) |
892 (95.6) |
1.00 |
|
|
|
| Taking |
11 (1.7) |
41 (4.4) |
2.653 |
1.353 |
5.202 |
0.004 |
|
Hepatitis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
546 (84.5) |
844 (90.5) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes | 100 (15.5) | 89 (9.5) | 0.576 | 0.424 | 0.781 | 0.001 |
§ ≥ 1.03 ( Male) and ≥ 1.30 (Female). ARV: Antiretroviral. Adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, CD4, HIV RNA Load, TC, LDL, HDL, FPG, alcohol consumption, smoking, liver disease, medication with agents including ARV (PI), b-blocker, anti-hyperglycemic. aOR Adjusted odds ratio.