Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Physiol Rev. 2011 Jan;91(1):10.1152/physrev.00047.2009. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00047.2009

FIG. 20.

FIG. 20

Enhanced expression of VCAM-1 along the inner curvature of the aortic arch and at the orifices of the arch branches. VCAM-1 protein expression in the mouse aortic arch is analyzed ex vivo by using immunohistochemical staining with an antibody against VCAM-1, followed by Qdot-bioconjugated secondary antibody, and two-photon excitation microscopy (center). Regions with enhanced VCAM-1 expression can be observed along the inner curvature of the aortic arch and at the orifices of the arch branches. This distribution correlates with the development of lesions (Fig. 4) and low values of mean wall shear stress (Fig. 5B). Panels A, B, C, and D show differential expression of VCAM-1 in different areas indicated by arrows. The lateral walls of the ascending aorta (i.e., panel C) are areas where there is less VCAM-1 expression, which coincides with a relatively high mean shear stress. [From Suo et al. (552).]