Table 1.
Talairach coordinates of regions extracted from the CS+ > CS− in early acquisition contrast (false discovery rate <0.05) and their differential responding in subsequent stages
| Region | Side | CS+ > CS−a |
Coordinates x, y, z | Volume (mm3) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Late acquisition | Early reversal | Late reversal | ||||
| Caudate | L | ** | NS | *** | −10, 3, 8 | 210 |
| Caudate | R | *** | NS | ** | 12, 4, 9 | 124 |
| Putamen | L | *** | NS | NS | −26, −3, 7 | 283 |
| Putamen | R | NS | NS | NS | 24, 3, −2 | 291 |
| Insula | L | *** | NS | ** | −44, 6, 6 | 3825 |
| Insula | R | *** | NS | *** | 45, 7, 5 | 3366 |
| Thalamus | R | *** | NS | * | 9, −12, 3 | 310 |
| Thalamus | R | * | NS | ** | 5, −13, 14 | 274 |
| Midbrain | L | * | NS | ** | −7, −12, −7 | 74 |
| Midbrain | L | NS | NS | NS | −7, −23, −10 | 119 |
| dACC | M | *** | NS | *** | 2, 4, 40 (BA32) | 1756 |
| SFG | M | *** | NS | *** | 0, −8, 59 (BA6) | 2782 |
| Precuneus | L | NS | NS | NS | −10, −40, 43 (BA7) | 835 |
| Precuneus | R | NS | NS | NS | 4, −57, 48 (BA7) | 450 |
| Cerebellum | R | NS | NS | NS | 14, −42, −15 | 185 |
aTwo-way t test conducted on the percent BOLD signal change to CS+ versus CS− in each phase. BA, Brodmann area; dACC, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex; SFG, superior frontal gyrus.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, significantly stronger responses to CS+ compared to CS− in late acquisition, and new CS+ compared to new CS− during reversal.