Table 2. Age-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for pancreatic cancer according to medical conditions.

		All pancreatic cancer cases			Microscopically confirmed pancreatic cancer cases
Exposure	Person-years at risk	Number of cases	Age- and sex-adjusted HR (95% CI)	Multivariable-adjusteda HR (95% CI)	Number of cases	Age- and sex-adjusted HR (95% CI)	Multivariable-adjusteda HR (95% CI)
DM IIb
No	55.273	421	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	265	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
Yes	1.624	23	1.75 (1.10–2.78)	1.79 (1.12–2.87)	15	1.90 (1.09–3.32)	1.87 (1.06–3.30)
Hypertension
No	41.984	333	1.00 ( reference)	1.00 (reference)c	227	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c
Yes	14.913	115	0.96 (0.77–1.21)	0.94 (0.75–1.19)	56	0.70 (0.52–0.95)	0.66 (0.49–0.90)
Cholecystectomy
No	51.751	408	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c	263	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c
Yes	5.145	40	1.01 (0.71–1.43)	0.97 (0.68–1.38)	20	0.83 (0.52–1.33)	0.79 (0.49–1.26)
Gallstones
No	51.358	403	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c	261	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c
Yes	5.539	45	1.06 (0.76–1.47)	1.00 (0.72–1.41)	22	0.85 (0.54–1.33)	0.78 (0.50–1.24)
Peptic ulcer
No	52.405	409	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c	260	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c
Yes	4.491	39	1.02 (0.72–1.46)	0.95 (0.66–1.37)	23	0.94 (0.60–1.46)	0.87 (0.55–1.37)
Hepatitis
No	49.607	378	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c	239	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)c
Yes	7.289	70	1.32 (1.00–1.73)	1.37 (1.04–1.81)	44	1.30 (0.93–1.81)	1.35 (0.96–1.90)

Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; DM II=diabetes mellitus type II; HR=hazard ratio.

^aAdjusted for: age (years), sex, smoking (current cigarette smoker status: yes/no, number of cigarettes/day, years of cigarette smoking), body mass index (kg/m²), level of education, (low/medium/high), alcohol (g/day), and family history of pancreatic cancer (yes/no).

^bAll cases excluded in whom a diagnosis of DM II was made within five years prior to pancreatic cancer diagnosis.

^cAdditionally adjusted for: DM II (yes/no).