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Therapeutic applications of miRNAs. MiRNA antagonists, which are modified oligonucleotides with complementary sequences to the endogenous miRNAs, can be used to degrade over-expressed miRNAs. Loss of function of the endogenous miRNA prevents it being processed by RISC. MiRNA mimics are also oligonucleotides, but they replace the lost function due to the disease state of the cell [adopted from Ref. (117)].
