Table 1.
Weighted prevalence of exposure to SHS at the workplace among non-smokers by place of residence and background characteristics
| Rural (N=4809) | Urban (N=6227) | |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 27.8 | 24.3 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 28.4 | 27.7 |
| Female | 25.7 | 11.6 |
| χ2 value | 0.13 | 56.684** |
| Age group | ||
| 15–24 | 25.9 | 25.3 |
| 25–44 | 29.4 | 24.6 |
| 45–64 | 26.3 | 22.5 |
| 65+ | 28.6 | 25.8 |
| χ2 value | 0.81 | 4.457 |
| Education | ||
| No formal education | 37.6 | 30.5 |
| Less than primary | 33.2 | 34.5 |
| Primary but less than secondary | 32.2 | 28.2 |
| Secondary and above | 20.4 | 21.1 |
| χ2 value | 69.489** | 92.792** |
| Occupation | ||
| Government and non-government employee | 25.1 | 21.9 |
| Self-employed | 32.4 | 29.2 |
| Student | 13.6 | 14.1 |
| Homemaker | 35.2 | 23.1 |
| Retired or unemployed | 49.7 | 39.5 |
| χ2 value | 116.374** | 65.439** |
| National region | ||
| North | 25.9 | 14.7 |
| Central | 23.7 | 28.6 |
| East | 31.9 | 27.0 |
| Northeast | 30.1 | 31.1 |
| West | 29.3 | 21.8 |
| South | 27.9 | 24.9 |
| χ2 value | 31.587** | 168.729** |
| Antismoking messages in newspaper or magazines | ||
| No | 25.4 | 22.8 |
| Yes | 26.7 | 24.5 |
| χ2 value | 1.746 | 4.116* |
| Antismoking messages in TV/radio | ||
| No | 25.9 | 26.9 |
| Yes | 29.0 | 23.7 |
| χ2 value | 2.467 | 3.668 |
| Knowledge that SHS exposure is harmful | ||
| No | 33.6 | 28.6 |
| Yes | 27.2 | 24 |
| χ2 value | 6.157* | 3.031 |
| Knowledge that smoking causes stroke | ||
| No | 32.7 | 24.9 |
| Yes | 24.2 | 23.9 |
| χ2 value | 24.662** | 6.274* |
| Knowledge that smoking causes heart attack | ||
| No | 35.2 | 28.6 |
| Yes | 25.0 | 23.1 |
| χ2 value | 41.497** | 11.324** |
| Knowledge that smoking causes lung cancer | ||
| No | 40.3 | 27 |
| Yes | 26.6 | 24.1 |
| χ2 value | 16.403** | 0.02 |
*p<0.05.
**p<0.01.
SHS, second-hand tobacco smoke.