| Huber et al. (2001) [55]
|
1 |
Invasive ductal carcinoma |
2.2 cm |
Surgical resection in the treated part of the tumor, cells were partly necrotic and mostly sublethally damaged |
Good |
The skin over the treated area did not exhibit any ultrasound-related visible changes |
MRI |
| Gianfelice et al. (2003) [56]
|
12 |
Invasive ductal carcinoma (n=10), invasive lobular carcinoma (n=1), adenocarcinoma (n=1) |
All tumors <3.5 cm |
Routine segmental tumor resection, complete necrosis (33%, 4/12) |
|
Minor skin burns (16.6%, 2/12), tenderness around the treatment zone (25%, 3/12) |
MRI |
| Gianfelice et al. (2003) [57]
|
17 |
Invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 14), adenocarcinoma (n = 2), invasive lobular carcinoma (n = 1) |
< 3.5 cm |
Complete necrosis (23%, 4/17), residual cancer volume below 10% (53%, 9/17); residual cancer volume between 30% and 75% (23%, 4/17) |
None mentioned; routine segmental resection |
None mentioned |
MRI |
| Gianfelice et al. (2003)[61]
|
24 |
Biopsy-proven breast carcinoma |
All tumors < 3.5 cm |
Surgical resection, complete necrosis (79%, 19/24) |
Not mentioned |
Two degree skin burn (4%, 1/24) |
MRI |
| Zippel et al. (2005)[58]
|
10 |
Infiltrating breast carcinoma |
All tumors < 3 cm |
Surgical resection; complete necrosis (20%, 2/10). Microscopic foci of residual tumor (20%, 2/10); 10% residual tumor (30%, 3/10) and 10%-30% residual tumor (30%, 3/10) |
Acceptable cosmetic results (10%, 1/10) |
No infection; two degree skin burn (20%, 2/10) |
MRI |
| Khiat et al.(2006)[59]
|
26 |
Invasive ductal carcinoma (n=25), infiltrating lobular carcinoma (n=1) |
< 3.5 cm |
Surgical resection; complete necrosis (28%, 7/26); less than 10% residual tumor (42%, 11/26) |
No reports |
No reports |
MRI |
| Furusawa et al. (2006)[60]
|
30 |
Invasive ductal carcinoma (n=25), invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (n=1), DCIS (n=2), intraductal carcinoma(n=1), noninvasive ductal carcinoma (n=1) |
All tumors < 3 cm |
Mean necrosis rate of breast tumors 96.9%. Complete necrosis (50%,15/30) Between 95% to 100% necrosis (36%,12/30) |
A reliable replacement for lumpectomy |
Three degree skin burn (3%, 1/30); One required treatment termination due to pain, abdominal and breast skin redness (3%, 1/30) |
MRI |
| Furusawa et al.(2007)[62]
|
21 |
Invasive or noninvasive ductal carcinoma |
0.5 to 5 cm |
Mean follow-up 14 months; complete necrosis (95%, 20/21); one recurrence (5%) |
Dimple on the skin (4.5%, 1/21) |
Skin burns (9%, 2/21) |
MRI |
| Wu et al. (2003) [43]
|
23 |
Invasive breast cancer (n=21) |
< 6 cm |
Surgical resection; complete necrosis (100%, 23/23) |
No changes of mammary shape |
Minimal skin burn (3%, 1/23); 5 patients needed oral analgesics |
Ultrasound |
| Wu et al. (2005) [45]
|
23 |
Invasive breast cancer (n=21), noninvasive breast cancer (n =1) |
All tumors < 5 cm |
No surgical resection; 100% complete necrosis (100%, 23/23); local recurrence (9%, 2/23) after 18 and 22 months, respectively |
Good to excellent in 94%, acceptable in 6% |
Six patients needed oral analgesics (18%, 6/23). No skin burn, bleeding, or infection |
Ultrasound |
| Kim et al. (2010)[54]
|
6 |
Invasive ductal carcinoma |
1.2 to 3.7 cm |
Surgical resection and biopsy; complete necrosis (66%, 4/6) |
Skin thickening and trabecular thickening |
Mammary edema and injury to the pectoralis major muscle (100%, 6/6), disappearing 6 months later. |
Ultrasound |
| Total 2001-2007 |
173 |
|
|
20%-100% |
Excellent in most patients |
skin burn at least (4.5%, 8/176) |
|
