Glucose and insulin tolerance tests and YFP cell fluorescence staining of live adipose tissue in c-fmsYFP mice fed HFC. A, Blood glucose levels during glucose tolerance test. B, Blood insulin levels during glucose tolerance test. C, Unfixed live adipose tissue from HFC-fed transgenic mice that express yellow fluorescent protein (c-fmsYFP, yellow) was stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue) and isolectin (red) by confocal microscopy. Isolectin is an endothelium-specific marker. PM2.5 treatment resulted in increased YFP cell infiltration into the adipose tissue compared with the saline control. n=4. *P<0.05, normal chow vs HFC.