Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the study population by gender
| Variable | Boys (n = 376) | Girls (n = 354) | All (n = 730) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) |
10.0 ± 0.6 |
9.9 ± 0.6 * |
10.0 ± 0.6 |
| 3rd grade/4th grade |
49% / 51% |
49% / 51% |
49% / 51% |
| Pubertal status (% 1/2/≥3) |
76.5 / 19.4 / 4.2 |
54.5 / 36.2 / 9.3 ** |
65.7 / 27.6 / 6.7 |
| Parents born in Denmark (% 0 / 1 / 2) |
11.2 / 12.5 / 76.3 |
10.5 / 11.9 / 77.7 |
10.8 / 12.2 / 77.0 |
| Highest education of household (%)1 |
4.5 / 31.7 / 40.5 / 23.2 |
5.9 / 30.9 / 40.5 / 22.7 |
5.2 / 31.3 / 40.5 / 22.9 |
| Weight (kg) |
35.5 ± 7.2 |
34.5 ± 6.7 |
35.0 ± 7.0 |
| Height (cm) |
142.6 ± 7.1 |
142.1 ± 7.0 |
142.4 ± 7.1 |
| Body mass index Z-score2 |
0.23 ± 1.12 |
0.04 ± 1.03 * |
0.13 ± 1.08 |
| Weight status (% uw/nw/ow/ob)3 | 8.3/77.8/11.5/2.4 | 12.3/75.1/11.4/1.1 | 10.2/76.5/11.5/1.8 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or proportions (%) and gender differences were tested using a two-sample t-test or Pearson’s chi-squared test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.001.
1Highest education of household: ≤10 years / 11–12 years / 13–16 years / ≥17 years.
2Based on World Health Organization Growth Reference data from 2007 [20].
3Based on age- and gender-specific cut-offs defined to pass through body mass index at 18.5, 25 and 30 kg/m2 at age 18 years [21,22]; uw/nw/ow/ob, underweight/normal weight/overweight/obese.