Figure 6.

Prevalence of deep features in card group names in the unframed task condition. Proportions of participants who included (black bars) or did not include (white bars) each deep feature in one or more of their card group names in the unframed task condition are shown for non–biology majors (left) and biology faculty (right) for each of the hypothesized deep features: (A) evolution and natural selection (B) pathways and transformations of energy and matter, (C) storage and passage of information, and (D) relationships between structure and function. A significantly larger proportion of biology faculty included each deep feature in their card group names as compared with non–biology majors (p < 0.0001 for each deep feature). See Results and Table 4 for analysis rubrics, and Results for statistical details.