. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 2.

Published in final edited form as: Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2010 Feb 23;3(3):10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0188. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0188

Table 5.

Associations of Leptin with low and high-grade prostate cancer in the PCPT (n=3565)¹

	Gleason <7 (n= 1224)			Gleason ≥ 7 (n= 486)
	Odds Ratio ²	95% CI	p-trend	Odds Ratio ²	95% CI	p-trend

Model
BMI^* alone
Normal (< 25.0)	1.0 (referent)		0.04	1.0 (referent)		0.03
Overweight (25.0-29.0)	0.83	0.70, 0.99		1.04	0.81, 1.33
Obese (≥ 30.0)	0.80	0.64, 1.00		1.39	1.03, 1.87

Leptin alone
Q1 (<5.2 ng/ml)³	1.0 (referent)		0.003	1.0 (referent)		0.48
Q2 (5.2-8.6 ng/ml)	0.94	0.77, 1.16		1.22	0.92, 1.62
Q3 (8.6-13.3 ng/ml)	0.88	0.71, 1.08		1.06	0.79, 1.43
Q4 (> 13.3 ng/ml)	0.72	0.58, 0.90		1.18	0.88, 1.57

BMI and Leptin
Normal (< 25.0)	1.0 (referent)		0.62	1.0 (referent)		0.05
Overweight (25.0-29.0)	0.88	0.73, 1.07		1.03	0.78, 1.37
Obese (≥ 30.0)	0.96	0.73, 1.26		1.46	1.01, 2.10
Q1 Leptin³	1.0 (referent)		0.04	1.0 (referent)		0.65
Q2 Leptin	0.98	0.79, 1.21		1.18	0.87, 1.60
Q3 Leptin	0.92	0.73, 1.16		0.98	0.70, 1.36
Q4 Leptin	0.75	0.58, 0.98		0.98	0.68, 1.40

n= 3565 PCPT participants includes 1787 cases and 1778 controls; Gleason score not available on all men.

Odds ratios are adjusted for age, race (white/non-white), family history of prostate cancer, treatment arm (finasteride or placebo), pack years of cigarette smoking and baseline insulin use.

Quartiles of leptin are based on the distribution in the controls.

BMI = [wt(kg)/ht(m)²]