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. 2013 Dec 2;8(12):e81157. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081157

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© 2013 Stapleton et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(a) Tumors experience elevated central IFP due to an increased transvascular fluid transport (), decreased interstitial fluid transport (), and lack of functional lymphatic vessels. Peri-tumoral lymphatics drain excess fluid at the tumor periphery, resulting in a gradient in IFP. (b) An illustration of the peri-tumoral region where the yellow dashed line indicates the border between tumor and healthy tissue. Trans-vascular () and interstitial () pressure gradients drive the convective transport across blood vessels and through the tumor interstitium. This process occurs predominantly along the tumor periphery where significant trans-vascular and interstitial pressure gradients are present. Convection transports liposomes through large endothelial pores () and through the extra-cellular matrix () where they accumulate due to a lack of lymphatic clearance. In normal tissue, tight endothelial junctions limit liposome extravasation and functional lymphatics contribute to the clearance of the agent from the interstitium.

Inline graphic — (a) Tumors experience elevated central IFP due to an increased transvascular fluid transport (), decreased interstitial fluid transport (), and lack of functional lymphatic vessels. Peri-tumoral lymphatics drain excess fluid at the tumor periphery, resulting in a gradient in IFP. (b) An illustration of the peri-tumoral region where the yellow dashed line indicates the border between tumor and healthy tissue. Trans-vascular () and interstitial () pressure gradients drive the convective transport across blood vessels and through the tumor interstitium. This process occurs predominantly along the tumor periphery where significant trans-vascular and interstitial pressure gradients are present. Convection transports liposomes through large endothelial pores () and through the extra-cellular matrix () where they accumulate due to a lack of lymphatic clearance. In normal tissue, tight endothelial junctions limit liposome extravasation and functional lymphatics contribute to the clearance of the agent from the interstitium.