Table 2.
Bronchoalveolar analysis
| |
|
|
|
PM014 |
PM014 |
PM014 |
PM014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (× 104/ml) | CON | CS | ROF | 0.1 mg/kg | 1 mg/kg | 10 mg/kg | 100 mg/kg |
|
Total cells |
2.80 ± 1.10 |
12.00 ± 1.79*** |
6.20 ± 1.10# |
11.60 ± 2.97 |
11.20 ± 3.90 |
10.40 ± 4.78 |
5.67 ± 2.66## |
|
Neutrophils |
0.00 ± 0.00 |
0.31 ± 0.02*** |
0.08 ± 0.03## |
0.28 ± 0.11 |
0.26 ± 0.12 |
0.19 ± 0.05 |
0.06 ± 0.07### |
|
Macrophages |
2.78 ± 1.08 |
12.30 ± 1.21*** |
6.37 ± 1.20## |
11.20 ± 2.85 |
11.17 ± 4.41 |
8.24 ± 2.40 |
4.70 ± 2.29### |
| Lymphocytes | 0.01 ± 0.02 | 0.17 ± 0.03*** | 0.09 ± 0.04# | 0.12 ± 0.05 | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.06 | 0.03 ± 0.02### |
Data are shown as mean ± S.E.M. CON control group, CS cigarette smoke exposed group, and ROF roflumilast treated group. Statistical analyses were conducted by one-way ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls Multiple Comparison test (***p < 0.001 vs. CON, ###p < 0.001, ##p < 0.01, #p < 0.05 vs. CS; n = 4–6).