Table 1.

The Urachal Cancer Staging System

Stage	Definition
Defined by Sheldon et al
Stage I	Urachal cancer confined to the urachal mucosa
Stage II	Urachal cancer with invasion confined to the urachus itself
Stage IIIA	Local urachal cancer extension to the bladder
Stage IIIB	Local urachal cancer extension to the abdominal wall
Stage IIIC	Local urachal cancer extension to the peritoneum
Stage IIID	Local urachal cancer extension to the viscera other than bladder
Stage IVA	Metastatic urachal cancer to the lymph node
Stage IVB	Metastatic urachal cancer to the distant sites
Defined by Ashley et al
Stage I	Tumors confined to the urachus and/or bladder
Stage II	Tumors extending beyond the muscular layer of the urachus and/or the bladder
Stage III	Tumors infiltrating the regional lymph nodes
Stage IV	Tumors infiltrating the non-regional lymph nodes or other distant sites