Table 1.
Epidemiological, haematological and biochemical parameters of healthy volunteers and vivax malaria patients with and without jaundice (total bilurubin > 51.3 μmol/L) on Day 1
| Healthy volunteers (n = 28) | P. vivax malaria without jaundice (n = 34) | P. vivax malaria with jaundice (n = 8) | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age |
25.4 ± 4.6 |
37.6 ± 15.2 |
33.5 ± 14.0 |
0.4867 |
| Male sex (%) |
32 |
82 |
38 |
0.0316 |
| First malarial infection (%) |
- |
24 |
63 |
0.0316 |
| Time of disease (in days) |
- |
6.5 ± 2.7 |
9.7 ± 7.9 |
0.3960 |
| Peripheral parasitaemia/μL |
- |
2,428 ± 4,276 |
5,353 ± 10,598 |
0.3578 |
| Leukocytes (×103/μL) |
6.69 ± 1.65 |
5.33 ± 1.59 |
5.41 ± 1.18 |
0.8903 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) |
13.0 ± 1.4 |
12.8 ± 1.8 |
10.8 ± 1.9 |
0.0051 |
| Platelets (×103/μL) |
228.5 ± 62.0 |
93.7 ± 52.0 |
85.1 ± 54.2 |
0.6790 |
| TB (μmol/L) |
18.1 ± 8.5 |
26.3 ± 10.1 |
109.3 ± 81.9 |
< 0.0001 |
| IB (μmol/L) |
10.1 ± 6.2 |
15.7 ± 7.2 |
28.6 ± 15.2 |
0.0547 |
| DB (μmol/L) |
8.0 ± 6.7 |
10.6 ± 6.3 |
80.7 ± 79.3 |
0.0003 |
| AST (U/L) |
21.5 ± 8.9 |
34.5 ± 17.4 |
74.7 ± 67.1 |
0.0488 |
| ALT (U/L) |
16.4 ± 8.7 |
34.5 ± 27.0 |
93.0 ± 91.8 |
0.0420 |
| AP (U/L) |
57.6 ± 21.4 |
72.4 ± 28.0 |
103.9 ± 68.2 |
0.2408 |
| Gamma-GT (U/L) |
11.5 ± 5.5 |
45.7 ± 37.3 |
106.4 ± 92.1 |
0.2408 |
| LDH (U/L) | 255.6 ± 74.3 | 425.2 ± 188.5 | 609.7 ± 234.8 | 0.0294 |
TB total bilirubin, IB indirect bilirubin, DB direct bilirubin, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AP alkaline phosphatase, gamma-GT gamma-glutamiltransferase, LDH lactate dehydrogenase.
*Comparison between vivax malaria patients with and without jaundice. Significant values in bold.
Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD.