Table 4.

Risk of developing depression stratified by level of adherence to Mediterranean diet (per-protocol analysis) after 3 years of follow-up

	Adherence to MD
	Low: <8 points	Medium: 8–9 points	High: ≥10 points	P-value for trend
Median (points)	7	9	11
Cases, n	14	32	81
Person-years	1,105	3,059	8,872
Model 1
HR (95% CI)	1 (ref)	0.81 (0.43 to 1.51)	0.72 (0.40 to 1.28)	0.26
Model 2
HR (95% CI)	1 (ref)	0.73 (0.38 to 1.39)	0.71 (0.38 to 1.32)	0.38

Abbreviations: HR hazard ratio, MD Mediterranean diet, ref reference.

Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, and recruiting center.

Model 2: model 1 additionally adjusted for intervention group, for smoking, educational level, marital status, and the presence of any of several diseases at baseline, and body mass index, physical activity during leisure time, alcohol intake (except wine), and total energy intake after 3 years of follow-up.