Table 5.

Walking and Risk of Self-Reported Hearing Loss Among Women in the Nurses’ Health Study II (1989–2009)

	Walking (Hours/Week)
	<1	1–1.5	2–3	4+	P-trend
Cases	4672	2551	1839	1305
Multivariate-adjusted* RR (95% CI) (without BMI)	1.00 (ref)	0.98 (0.94,1.03)	0.90 (0.85,0.95)	0.85 (0.80,0.91)	<0.001
Multivariate-adjusted** RR (95% CI) (with BMI)	1.00 (ref)	0.99 (0.94,1.03)	0.92 (0.87,0.97)	0.87 (0.81,0.92)	<0.001

^*Adjusted for: age, race, smoking, alcohol intake, intake of B12, magnesium, potassium, vitamin A, and folate, baseline hypertension, baseline diabetes, acetaminophen use, ibuprofen use

^**Adjusted for all of the above as well as for body mass index (BMI)

Information on WC was first obtained in 1993. Information on analgesic use was first obtained in 1995.