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. 2013 Nov 27;8:4563–4576. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S45535

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© 2013 Eslahi et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Comparison between the relative gene expression of SSCs and germ cell genes in the experimental groups.

Notes: Values are mean ± standard deviation. The experiments were replicated at least three times. *Significant difference versus culture of SSCs without seeding on PLLA in the same gene (P≤0.05); **significant difference versus all genes in the same group (P≤0.05); ^asignificant difference versus fresh cells group in the same gene (P≤0.05).

Abbreviations: Fresh, isolated testicular cells by two steps of enzymatic digestion before culture; Fresh+nano, fresh cells seeded on PLLA; Fz, frozen-thawed cells; Fz+nano, frozen-thawed cells seeded on PLLA; Fzt, frozen-thawed cells obtained from testis tissue; Fzt+nano, frozen-thawed cells obtained from testis tissue seeded on PLLA groups; PLLA, poly L-lactic acid; SSC, spermatogonial stem cell; Itgα6, integrin-α6; Itgβ1, integrin-β1; VASA, mouse vasa-homologue; GFRα-1, GDNF family co-receptorα1; Oct4, octamer-binding transcription factor 4; PLZF, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger; c-Kit, proto-oncogene c-Kit or tyrosine-protein kinase Kit; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.