Table 4.
Performance of cluster of symptoms and the symptom index for the differentiation of women with malignant ovarian tumors from women with benign tumors
| Symptoms | Sensitivity (%) (95% CI) | Specificity (%) (95%) | PPV (%) | NPV(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cluster abdomen |
68.3 (59.9 to 63.1) |
69.0 (58.6 to 79.3) |
80.8 |
53.2 |
| Cluster pain |
55.0 (45.0 to 64.0) |
77.8 (67.2 to 88.4) |
77.1 |
55.0 |
| Cluster eating |
45.0 (36.0 to 54.0) |
88.0 (78.1 to 98.0) |
75.7 |
65.8 |
| Cluster miscellaneous |
35.0 (26.3 to 43.6) |
84.6 (73.3 to 96.0) |
71.7 |
53.8 |
| Cluster digestion |
29.5 (21.2 to 37.8) |
91.4 (81.1 to 100.0) |
71.3 |
64.3 |
| Back Pain |
28.3 (20.1 to 36.5) |
91.4 (80.8 to 100) |
71.1 |
63.0 |
| Able to feel abdominal mass |
23.3 (15.7 to 31.0) |
90.6 (79.1 to 100) |
69.7 |
56.0 |
| Cluster bladder |
23.3 (15.7 to 31.0) |
82.9 (70.2 to 95.6) |
67.8 |
41.2 |
| Leg swelling |
10.0 (4.6 to 15.4) |
90.6 (76.7 to 100) |
66.2 |
35.3 |
| Symptom index (SI) | 78.3 (70.8 to 85.8) | 60.3 (5.4 to 70.3) | 50.5 | 84.3 |
Clusters of symptoms and isolated symptoms were defined by the Ward agglomerative method: abdomen (abdominal bloating and/or increased abdominal size); pain (pelvic and/or abdominal pain); eating (unable to eat normally and/or feeling full quickly); miscellaneous (fatigue and/or difficulty breathing); digestion (indigestion and/or nauseas/vomiting); back pain; able to feel abdominal mass; bladder (urinary urgency and/or frequent urination), leg swelling. Symptom index (SI) = presence of at least one of the symptoms included in the clusters abdomen, pain and/or eating.