Table 3.
The relationship between MNSI and health-related physiological indicators
|
Variables |
|
MNSIa |
|
χ2 |
Odds ratio |
95% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Normal |
|
Abnormal |
|
|
|
| N (%) | (d.f.=1) | Confidence interval | ||||
| Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Female |
141 (62.1) |
|
86 (37.9) |
6.49** |
1.70 |
1.13~2.57 |
| Male |
78 (49.1) |
|
81 (50.9) |
|
|
|
| Education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <= primary school |
162 (52.1) |
|
149 (47.9) |
14.07*** |
0.34 |
0.19~0.61 |
| >= secondary school |
57 (76.0) |
|
18 (24.0) |
|
|
|
| ABIb |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Normal |
198 (58.9) |
|
138 (41.1) |
5.10* |
2.01 |
1.09~3.71 |
| Abnormal |
20 (41.7) |
|
28 (58.3) |
|
|
|
| King’s college classificationc |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Normal |
179 (82.1) |
|
39 (17.9) |
129.90*** |
14.33 |
8.75~23.47 |
| Risk and high risk |
41 (24.3) |
|
128 (75.7) |
|
|
|
| Texas risk classificationd |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Low risk |
182 (96.3) |
|
7 ( 3.7) |
234.35*** |
109.47 |
47.56~251.98 |
| At/ or high risk |
38 (19.2) |
|
160 (80.8) |
|
|
|
| Right side dorsal pedal pulsese |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Present/weakness |
180 (60.2) |
|
119 (39.8) |
6.49* |
1.86 |
1.15~3.01 |
| Absent |
39 (44.8) |
|
48 (55.2) |
|
|
|
| Left side dorsal pedals pulses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Present/weakness |
171 (60.9) |
|
110 (39.1) |
7.14** |
1.85 |
1.17~2.90 |
| Absent |
48 (45.7) |
|
57 (54.3) |
|
|
|
| Right side poster tibias pulses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Present/weakness |
179 (59.1) |
|
124 (40.9) |
3.14 |
1.55 |
0.95~2.53 |
| Absent |
40 (48.2) |
|
43 (51.8) |
|
|
|
| Left side poster tibias pulses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Present/weakness |
174 (59.0) |
|
121 (41.0) |
2.58 |
1.47 |
0.92~2.36 |
| Absent |
45 (49.5) |
|
46 (50.5) |
|
|
|
| Right side popliteal pulses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Present/weakness |
163 (59.3) |
|
112 (40.7) |
2.51 |
1.43 |
0.92~2.23 |
| Absent |
56 (50.5) |
|
55 (49.5) |
|
|
|
| Left side popliteal pulses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Present/ weakness |
163 (59.1) |
|
113 (40.9) |
2.13 |
1.39 |
0.89~2.17 |
| Absent |
56 (50.9) |
|
54 (49.1) |
|
|
|
| Right capillary refill time |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <2 seconds |
191 (59.5) |
|
130 (40.5) |
3.79 |
1.76 |
0.99~3.14 |
| >2 seconds |
25 (45.5) |
|
30 (54.5) |
|
|
|
| Left capillary refill time |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <2 seconds |
190 (59.0) |
|
132 (41.0) |
2.61 |
1.61 |
0.90~2.89 |
| >2 seconds | 25 (47.2) | 28 (52.8) |
a MNSI Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument: normal <2 b ABI any side of ankle brachial index <0.9 was defined as abnormal. c King’s college classification: in this table, except the level of not at risk, we re-categorized the other five conditions of at risk, ulcer, cellulites, necrosis and amputation as risk and high risk. d University Texas risk classification system: in this table, we re-categorized the six conditions of at risk, ulcer, cellulites, necrosis and amputation as risk and high risk. e Palpable pulses between both sides of dorsal pedals, poster tibias, and popliteal areas. *p < .05, ** p<.01, ***p < .001.