Figure 4.

Immune response to rubella antigens as a measure of a vaccine “take”. Group 3 macaques were inoculated with a series of three types of rubella vectors bearing inserts at different insertion sites (left panel). These were compared with group 4 macaques, which received the same live attenuated rubella vaccine strain but without an insert (right panel). A successful vaccine “take” was detected by the appearance of anti-rubella antibodies, as measured by ELISA. Vector type 1, with a structural site insert and Not I deletion (red), elicited no detectable antibodies after two vaccinations. Vector type 2, with insertion and deletion at the Not I site (blue), gave a “take” in one of three animals. Vector type 3, with a structural site insert and no deletion (green), infected all three macaques after a single dose.