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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 4.
Published in final edited form as: In Vivo. 2013 Jul-Aug;27(4):473–484.

Figure 4.

Figure 4

4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO)-altered gene expressions in human esophageal cell lines. A: Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). An SV-40-immortalized human esophageal epithelial cell line HET-1A and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma TE-3 and TE-8 cell lines were grown and treated with different concentrations of 4-NQO for 24 h. Total cellular RNA was then isolated from these cells and subjected to qRT-PCR analyses. The data were normalized to those for a housekeeping gene glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and then summarized as fold changes compared with the control experiments. B: qRT-PCR. These cells were grown and treated with 0.5 μM 4-NQO for different periods of time, and RNA was then isolated from these cells for qRT-PCR analysis. C: Western blot. These three cell lines were treated with different concentration of 4-NQO (from 0.01 μM to 2 μM) for 24 h, and cells cultured with equal volume of propylene glycol in DMEM as a control. At the end of the experiments, total cellular protein was extracted and subjected to western blot.