Table V.
Increments in length during periods of childhood according to gestational status and size at birth among 4518 participants in birth cohort studies from 5 low- and middle-income countries, by site
| Males |
Females |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not preterm-AGA | Not preterm-LGA∗ | Not preterm-SGA† | Preterm | Not preterm-AGA | Not preterm-LGA∗ | Not preterm-SGA† | Preterm | |
| Brazil, cm, mean ± SD | n = 296 | n = 21 | n = 62 | n = 18 | n = 307 | n = 19 | n = 57 | n = 24 |
| 12-24 mo | 11.5 ± 2.4 | 11.8 ± 2.2 | 11.3 ± 2.5 | 12.1 ± 2.5 | 11.8 ± 2.7 | 11.3 ± 2.5 | 11.6 ± 2.0 | 11.6 ± 2.7 |
| 24-48 mo | 15.4 ± 2.5 | 15.6 ± 2.1 | 15.1 ± 2.6 | 16.6 ± 2.7 | 15.6 ± 3.0 | 15.7 ± 3.4 | 15.5 ± 2.6 | 15.8 ± 2.9 |
| 48 mo-adult | 73.1 ± 4.7 | 75.4 ± 3.7 | 72.2 ± 5.1 | 73.2 ± 4.5 | 61.7 ± 4.4 | 61.7 ± 4.2 | 61.4 ± 4.5 | 61.8 ± 3.4 |
| Guatemala, cm, mean ± SD | n = 74 | n = 5 | n = 47 | n = 23 | n = 87 | n = 3 | n = 30 | n = 10 |
| Birth-12 mo | 19.5 ± 2.7 | 17.7 ± 1.7 | 19.4 ± 2.6 | 18.3 ± 3.6 | 19.1 ± 2.1 | 20.0 ± 2.2 | 19.5 ± 3.1 | 19.7 ± 2.7 |
| 12-24 mo | 8.8 ± 1.9 | 6.9 ± 2.3 | 8.1 ± 2.2 | 8.9 ± 1.7 | 9.0 ± 2.1 | 9.0 ± 1.1 | 9.5 ± 2.1 | 8.5 ± 1.7 |
| 24-48 mo | 15.3 ± 1.7 | 17.0 ± 3.6 | 15.8 ± 3.5 | 15.5 ± 2.1 | 15.4 ± 2.1 | 15.8 ± 0.7 | 16.0 ± 2.2 | 15.8 ± 2.2 |
| 48 mo-adult | 70.4 ± 4.6 | 73.1 ± 5.3 | 68.0 ± 4.4 | 69.1 ± 4.2 | 59.1 ± 4.2 | 58.0 ± 3.6 | 57.6 ± 4.6 | 59.8 ± 3.6 |
| India, cm, mean ± SD | n = 237 | n = 5 | n = 243 | n = 87 | n = 198 | n = 2 | n = 174 | n = 50 |
| Birth-12 mo | 23.0 ± 2.4 | 22.7 ± 2.1 | 23.8 ± 2.7 | 23.4 ± 2.7 | 22.0 ± 2.6 | 19.3 ± 4.4 | 22.2 ± 2.7 | 22.2 ± 3.4 |
| 12-24 mo | 9.3 ± 2.0 | 10.6 ± 3.0 | 9.0 ± 2.1 | 9.3 ± 1.9 | 9.4 ± 1.7 | 9.4 ± 1.0 | 9.6 ± 1.9 | 9.3 ± 1.9 |
| 24-48 mo | 14.2 ± 2.2 | 14.7 ± 1.8 | 14.2 ± 2.2 | 14.8 ± 2.3 | 14.5 ± 2.2 | 17.4 ± 2.0 | 14.1 ± 2.4 | 14.7 ± 2.3 |
| 48 mo-adult | 74.1 ± 4.2 | 75.9 ± 3.6 | 73.7 ± 5.0 | 74.2 ± 5.3 | 61.2 ± 4.2 | 64.4 ± 1.2 | 61.0 ± 4.1 | 61.1 ± 4.2 |
| Philippines, cm, mean ± SD | n = 577 | n = 7 | n = 245 | n = 142 | n = 542 | n = 12 | n = 177 | n = 126 |
| Birth-12 mo | 22.0 ± 2.4 | 21.9 ± 1.5 | 22.4 ± 2.7 | 22.4 ± 2.8 | 21.0 ± 2.5 | 20.4 ± 2.9 | 21.3 ± 2.6 | 21.4 ± 3.0 |
| 12-24 mo | 8.4 ± 2.1 | 7.3 ± 2.2 | 8.7 ± 2.1 | 8.5 ± 2.0 | 8.5 ± 2.1 | 7.7 ± 2.4 | 8.6 ± 2.2 | 8.2 ± 2.4 |
| 24-102 mo | 37.8 ± 3.7 | 37.9 ± 2.8 | 37.5 ± 4.0 | 38.1 ± 4.1 | 39.3 ± 4.0 | 40.0 ± 3.4 | 38.8 ± 4.3 | 39.1 ± 3.7 |
| 102 mo-adult | 45.5 ± 3.9 | 48.1 ± 2.7 | 45.0 ± 4.0 | 44.7 ± 3.9 | 33.5 ± 4.0 | 34.3 ± 3.1 | 33.1 ± 4.1 | 34.0 ± 3.5 |
| South Africa, cm, mean ± SD | n = 200 | n = 12 | n = 40 | n = 33 | n = 233 | n = 6 | n = 43 | n = 44 |
| 12-24 mo | 9.0 ± 2.7 | 10.2 ± 2.1 | 9.1 ± 3.4 | 9.5 ± 2.3 | 9.9 ± 2.8 | 8.5 ± 2.8 | 9.5 ± 3.6 | 10.3 ± 2.4 |
| 24-60 mo | 24.1 ± 3.0 | 23.8 ± 4.1 | 23.4 ± 3.5 | 24.5 ± 4.0 | 24.2 ± 3.6 | 25.6 ± 6.1 | 23.7 ± 3.8 | 24.4 ± 3.1 |
| 60 mo-adult | 63.9 ± 5.9 | 61.3 ± 4.3 | 63.2 ± 4.8 | 62.2 ± 4.9 | 52.7 ± 4.6 | 53.5 ± 7.0 | 52.0 ± 3.9 | 52.6 ± 4.8 |
Preterm births were not further differentiated as to SGA status owing to limitations of sample size. Length at birth not available for cohorts from Brazil and South Africa, and missing for 40 males and 28 females in Guatemala and for 9 males and 2 females in India.
∗
LGA: above the 90th percentile of sex-specific birth weight for GA.
†
SGA: below the 10th percentile of sex-specific birth weight for GA.