Table 5.

Studies on arterial function in migraineurs

Study (First author, year)	Study design	Patients included (n)	% women	Exclusion criteria	Migraine diagnosis	Parameters assessed	Results
De Hoon, 2003 [46]	CC	MwA: 11	76	CVD, inflammatory disease, HYP, DM, dyslipidemia	ICHD-I	Diameter and compliance parameters of brachial, carotid, femoral, and temporal arteries	Smaller diameter and distension of brachial artery and larger right temporal artery diameter in migraineurs; no differences in carotid and femoral arteries
		MwoA: 39
		Controls: 50
Ikeda, 2011 [42]	CC	MwA:22	73	CVD, vascular RF	ICHD-II	Brachial PWV	Higher PWV in migraineurs
		MwoA:89
		Controls:110
Jiménez-Caballero, 2013 [31]	CC	CM: 21	71	Age ≥50, CVD, inflammatory disease, obesity, HYP, DM, dyslipidemia	ICHD-II	Radial AIx	Higher AIx in migraineurs
		Controls: 21
Liman, 2012 [32]	CC	MwA: 29	100	CVD, obesity, arterial HYP, DM	ICHD-II	Peripheral AIx	Higher Aix in migraineurs
		Controls: 30
Nagai, 2007 [45]	PB	Group A:134	93	Stroke	Validated questionnaire	Radial AIx	Higher AIx in migraineurs
		(5% migraineurs)
		Group B:138
		(17% migraineurs)
Schillaci, 2010 [43]	CC	MwA:17	85	CVD, inflammatory disease, HYP, DM, dyslipidemia	ICHD-II	Aortic PWV and aortic AIx	Higher PWV and AIx in migraineurs, especially in MwA
		MwoA: 43
		Controls:60
Stam, 2013 [44]	PB	MwA: 123	75	None	ICHD-II	Carotid and femoral PWV	No differences between migraineurs and controls
		MwoA: 167
		Controls: 542
Vanmolkot, 2007 [27]	CC	Migraine: 50	78	None	ICHD-I	Diameter and compliance parameters of brachial and femoral arteries, aortic AIx and aortic PWV	Smaller brachial artery diameter and compliance and smaller femoral artery diameter in migraineurs; higher aortic AIx in migraineurs; higher PWV in migraineurs not confirmed after adjustment for age and mean arterial pressure
		Controls: 50

CC case–control; PB population-based; CM chronic migraine; MwA, migraine with aura; MwoA, migraine without aura; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HYP, arterial hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; RF, risk factors; ICHD, International classification headache disorders; AIx, augmentation index; PWV, pulse wave velocity.