TABLE 3.

Changes in isoflavone concentration in 24-h urine pools and plasma carotenoids in 18 subjects at enrollment, at Day 1 after the 7-day washout and first day of feeding, and at 28 days (4 wk) and 56 days (8 wk) after initiation of the daily intake of juice^*

Compound(s)	Day −1†	Day +1†	Day 28	Day 56
Soy isoflavones
Total isoflavones (μmol)	9.0 ± 23.2A‡	103.7 ± 26.7B	123.2 ± 36.2BC	132.7 ± 38.1C
Daidzein (μmol)	5.0 ± 12.9A	53.4 ± 13.7B	52.4 ± 18.5B	59.0 ± 26.0B
Genistein (μmol)	1.2 ± 3.2A	3.4 ± 1.4B	4.0 ± 1.7B	4.4 ± 2.6B
Glycitein (μmol)	0.5 ± 1.3A	23.6 ± 11.2B	20.8 ± 7.6B	21.1 ± 5.4B
Equol (μmol)	nd§	nd	6.2 ± 12.3A	13.7 ± 19.5A
Dihydrodaidzein (μmol)	1.5 ± 5.1A	20.4 ± 15.5B	27.1 ± 14.7B	23.2 ± 16.2B
O-DMA|| (μmol)	0.8 ± 2.3A	2.9 ± 6.3A	12.7 ± 11.2B	11.3 ± 8.8B
Tomato carotenoids	Day 7	Day 0**	Day 28	Day 56
Total lycopene (μmol/L)	0.60 ± 0.22A	0.44 ± 0.16B	1.28 ± 0.27C	1.24 ± 0.30C
5-cis lycopene (μmol/L)	0.27 ± 0.10A	0.17 ± 0.07B	0.57 ± 0.12C	0.54 ± 0.14C
All-trans-lycopene (μmol/L)	0.15 ± 0.06A	0.09 ± 0.04B	0.23 ± 0.06C	0.23 ± 0.07C
Beta-carotene (μmol/L)	0.30 ± 0.17A	0.22 ± 0.13B	0.43 ± 0.16C	0.39 ± 0.16C

^*294 mL soy-fortified tomato juice/d containing 242 μmol isoflavones and 40 μmol lycopene. All values given as mean ± SD.

^†Urinary isoflavone values obtained from a 24-h urine collection for the day prior to starting the study, for the day following the test meal, and at 4 and 8 wk.

^**The values for carotenoids are obtained after the 7 day washout prior to test meal intake.

^‡Values in a row not sharing the same superscript are statistically significant different (P < 0.05, Tukey’s).

^§nd indicates not detected.

^||O-desmethylangolensin.