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. 2013 Oct 1;27(19):2109–2124. doi: 10.1101/gad.222174.113

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© 2013 Chen et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first six months after the full-issue publication date (see http://genesdev.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/.

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Figure 7. — A model for the dynamic regulation of H2A.Z and H3.3 on gene activation. When a gene is ready to activate, H3.3 is highly enriched on the enhancer region to maintain a relatively open chromatin structure that is accessible for the binding of transcription factors (RAR/RXR); meanwhile, at the promoter region, the H3.3-dependent enrichment of H2A.Z compacts chromatin to poise gene transcription. When the gene is activated by the addition of tRA, the H3.3-containing nucleosomes at the enhancer region are immediately evicted for RAR/RXR binding; at the same time, H2A.Z is selectively replaced by canonical H2A accompanied by the deposition of H3.3 to open the chromatin structure for bindings of transcription factors and transcriptional machinery at the promoter region (the early stage of gene activation by tRA). Subsequently, the nucleosomes at the promoter region are also evicted for the full gene activation (the late stage of gene activation by tRA).