Time-course production of ROS in root border-like cells from Arabidopsis after treatment with 1 μm flg22 and staining with fluorescent probes. Observations were made by laser confocal scanning microscopy. Roots were stained with the probe CMH2DCFDA (A, C, E, and G) to visualize the overall ROS and with the probe SOSG (B, D, F, and H) to specifically visualize the 1O2. Fluorescence is indicative of ROS occurrence. Arrows point to border-like cells. eBLC, Elongated border-like cells; R, root; sBLC, spherical border-like cells. Bars = 40 μm. [See online article for color version of this figure.]