Table 4.
Frequency of plants used for the treatment of equine diseases/ conditions documented by local veterinary healers from three districts (Faisalabad, Sargodha and Lahore) of Punjab, Pakistan
| Conditions | Plants | Entries |
Prescriptions/ |
Plants as part of prescriptions for the same disease more than one time[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| remedies | ||||
| Anorexia |
17 |
23 |
19 |
Allium (A.) cepa (12), Capsicum (Cp.) annum (9), Zingiber (Z.) officinale (8), Vernonia (V.) anthelmintica (6), Citrullus (Ct.) colocynthis (4), Trachyspermum (T.) ammi (4), Picrorhiza (Pr.) kurroa (3), Piper (P.) nigrum (3), Zea mays (2) |
| Bad habits |
1 |
5 |
2 |
- |
| Bronchitis |
12 |
33 |
21 |
Glycyrrhiza glabra (11), A. cepa (8), Rosa damascena (5), Z. officinale (4), P. nigrum (2), T. ammi (2), V. anthelmintica (2) |
| Colic |
9 |
24 |
21 |
Brassica (B.) campestris (4), T. ammi (3), A. cepa (2), Nicotiana tabacum (2), V. anthelmintica (2) |
| Dermatitis |
6 |
32 |
16 |
Eruca sativa (5), B. campestris (4) |
| Diarrhoea |
5 |
5 |
5 |
Ct. colocynthus (2), V. anthenthelmintica (2) |
| Ectoparasites |
5 |
23 |
11 |
B. campestris (2) |
| Eye problem |
- |
2 |
2 |
- |
| Fever |
11 |
12 |
9 |
T. ammi (3), A. cepa (2), Capsicum (Cp)annum (2), Z. officinale (2) |
| Haematuria |
2 |
4 |
4 |
- |
| Heat stress |
6 |
10 |
8 |
T. ammi (2), V. anthelmintica (2) |
| Indigestion |
11 |
6 |
6 |
Z. officinale (4), A. cepa (3), T. ammi (3), Cp. annum (2), Ct. colocynthis (2), Pr. kurroa (2), V. anthelmintica (2) |
| Endoparasites |
8 |
31 |
12 |
Molottus philpinensis (4), Ricinus cummunis (2) |
| Lameness |
21 |
58 |
40 |
B. campestris (7), Sesamum indicum (4), Azadirachta (Az.) indica (3), Geranium wallichianum (3), V. anthelmintica (3), Anethum (An.) graveolens (2), Cicer arietinum (2), Eugenia caryophllata (2), Myristica (M.) fragrans (2) |
| Pain |
9 |
5 |
5 |
- |
| Quidding |
2 |
3 |
3 |
- |
| Urine retention |
3 |
10 |
8 |
B. campestris (2) |
| Swelling |
5 |
11 |
7 |
B. campestris (2) |
| Tetanus |
3 |
2 |
2 |
M. fragrans (2), Pr. kurroa (2) |
| Toxemeia |
5 |
7 |
7 |
Cp. annum (5), An. graveolens (2), Trigonella foenum-graceum (2), V. anthelmintica (2) |
| Weakness |
14 |
23 |
13 |
A. cepa (2), B. campestris (2), Cp. annum (2), Ct. colocynthis (2), Pr. kurroa (2), V. anthelmintica (2) |
| Wound | 16 | 121 | 57 | B. campestris (20), Az. indica (7), Lawsonia inermis (6), Curcuma longa (5) |
[1]Plants were used in more than one prescription because of difference either in their dose, composition of the prescription, mode of preparation and administration, vehicles, etc.