Table 3.
Correlation between clinical signs of hypovolaemia and invasive haemodynamic measures
| |
|
Number of observations |
GEDVI1 |
CI2 |
ELWI3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean (95% CI) | mean (95% CI) | mean (95% CI) | |||
| Mucous membranes |
Normal |
132 |
572 (548 – 595) |
3.57 (3.43 – 3.71) |
9.6 (8.9 – 10.3) |
| Dry |
297 |
562 (548 – 576) |
3.42 (3.34 – 3.51) |
9.8 (9.4 – 10.1) |
|
| Axillae |
Moist |
253 |
571 (556–585) |
3.47 (3.38 -3.57) |
9.4 (9.0 -9.8) |
| Dry |
177 |
556 (536–576) |
3.46 (3.35 – 3.56) |
10.1 (9.6 -10.7) |
|
| Tissue turgor |
Normal |
409 |
560 (548 – 573) |
3.5 (3.43 - 3.57) |
9.7 (9.3- 10.0) |
| Decreased |
21 |
643 (602 – 684)ɸ |
2.83 (2.59 - 3.07) ɸ |
10.8 (9.3 – 12.2) |
|
| Capillary return* |
Normal |
371 |
566 (554–579) |
3.52 (3.45 -3.59) |
9.5 (9.2 – 9.9) |
| Reduced |
30 |
504 (473–534) ɸ |
2.84 (2.54 -3.14) ɸ |
9.9 (8.4 – 11.5) |
|
| Heart rate* |
<100 bpm |
269 |
575 (560 – 590) |
3.43 (3.36 – 3.51) |
9.3 (8.8 - 9.7) |
| ≥100 bpm |
150 |
543 (524 – 562) ɸ |
3.51 (3.38 – 3.65) |
10.0 (9.5 – 10.5) ɸ |
|
| Heart rate* | <120 bpm |
387 |
565 (552 – 578) |
3.48 (3.41 – 3.55) |
9.4 (9.1 – 9.7) |
| ≥120 bpm | 32 | 528 (497 – 560) | 3.3 (2.93 - 3.66)Ʊ | 11.4 (10.2 - 12.7) ɸ |
1 Global end-diastolic volume index.
2 Cardiac index.
3 Extravascular lung water index.
* In the absence of inotropic therapy.
ɸ p < 0.01 for a difference.
Ʊ p < 0.05 for a difference.