Table 1.
Subject characteristics tabulated by sex
| Cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors | Women (n = 254) | Men (n = 58) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) |
44.6 ± 6.7 |
43.5 ± 7.6 |
0.278 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) |
27.2 ± 4.1 |
27.6 ± 3.6 |
0.406 |
| Waist circumference (cm) |
90.4 ± 11.3 |
100.0 ± 10.1 |
<0.0001 |
| Body fat percentage (%) |
31.6 ± 6.6 |
22.2 ± 6.0 |
<0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) |
4.7 ± 0.8 |
5.0 ± 1.0 |
0.039 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) |
1.6 ± 0.4 |
1.3 ± 0.3 |
<0.0001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) |
2.6 ± 0.7 |
3.1 ± 0.9 |
<0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) |
1.0 ± 0.6 |
1.4 ± 0.7 |
<0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) |
5.4 ± 0.8 |
5.5 ± 0.6 |
0.226 |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%) |
5.5 ± 0.4 |
5.6 ± 0.3 |
0.264 |
| High sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/l) |
2.11 ± 3.97 |
1.96 ± 3.08 |
0.912 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) |
121 ± 13 |
125 ± 14 |
0.015 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) |
79 ± 8 |
81 ± 9 |
0.041 |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) |
69 ± 10 |
69 ± 11 |
0.619 |
| Rate-pressure product |
84 ± 16 |
86 ± 18 |
0.327 |
| Framingham Reactive Hyperemia Index |
0.676 ± 0.401 |
0.325 ± 0.293 |
<0.0001 |
| Reactive Hyperemia Index | 2.272 ± 0.617 | 1.903 ± 0.403 | <0.0001 |
Values are mean ± SD. P-value for differences of means between sexes.