(A–D) Levels of IL-17 (A) and IL-22 (B) in the vaginal lavages of IL-23p19 KO mice (clear circles, dashed line) were significantly reduced over the course of infection compared to C57BL/6 mice (black squares), but no difference was detected for TNFα (C) or IFNγ (D). Data points represent the mean ± SEM for 4–5 mice per strain from one representative experiment of two. @, P < 0.05 for IL-17 and IL-22 (by two-way ANOVA over the interval measured). *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001 on individual days (by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test analysis). (E–H) Measurement of cytokines in the homogenized oviducts of infected mice revealed significantly reduced levels of IL-17 (E) and IL-22 (F) over the course of infection in the absence of IL-23 but no difference in TNFα (G) and IFNγ (H). Data points represent the mean ± SEM for 3–5 mice strain per day. @, P < 0.05 for IL-17 and IL-22 (by two-way ANOVA over the interval measured). ***, P < 0.001 for IL-22 on individual days by (two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test analysis).