Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of intervention and controls groups (data are % of group unless otherwise specified)
| Control | Intervention | Standardised difference (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number in group |
1098 |
1219 |
|
| Number of practices |
80 |
82 |
|
| Number of patients per practice (median (range)) |
10 (1 to 62) |
8 (1 to 76) |
|
| Index long-term condition |
|
|
|
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
47.4 |
45.0 |
−4.8 |
| Diabetes |
22.6 |
27.1 |
10.4 |
| Heart failure |
30.0 |
27.9 |
−4.6 |
| Number of chronic health conditions (mean (SD)) |
1.9 (1.8) |
1.8 (1.8) |
−3.9 |
| Site |
|
|
|
| Cornwall |
32.6 |
36.5 |
8.2 |
| Kent |
36.2 |
32.7 |
−7.2 |
| Newham |
31.2 |
30.8 |
−1.0 |
| Age (mean (SD)) |
70.8 (11.8) |
69.7 (11.6) |
−9.3 |
| Aged under 65 |
28.7 |
30.1 |
3.1 |
| Aged 65-74 |
31.4 |
34.9 |
7.5 |
| Aged 75-84 |
30.9 |
27.4 |
−7.7 |
| Aged 85+ |
9.0 |
7.5 |
−5.3 |
| Female (%) |
40.4 |
41.1 |
1.3 |
| Ethnicity |
|
|
|
| White |
71.3 |
71.8 |
1.0 |
| Non-white |
13.2 |
12.3 |
−2.7 |
| Unknown |
15.5 |
15.9 |
1.2 |
| Area-level deprivation (mean (SD))* |
29.8 (13.8) |
28.8 (14.9) |
−6.9 |
| 1st quartile |
5.1 |
8.7 |
14.3 |
| 2nd quartile |
15.4 |
15.5 |
0.2 |
| 3rd quartile |
31.8 |
32.6 |
1.9 |
| 4th quartile |
47.7 |
43.2 |
−9.2 |
| GP visits per person (prior year) (mean (SD)) |
9.0 (7.6) |
8.8 (6.8) |
−2.0 |
| None |
4.5 |
3.5 |
−4.8 |
| 1-5 |
35.2 |
33.1 |
−4.6 |
| 6-10 |
29.0 |
30.5 |
3.4 |
| 11-20 |
23.2 |
26.4 |
7.4 |
| >20 |
8.1 |
6.5 |
−6.3 |
| Practice nurse contacts per person (prior year) (mean (SD)) |
6.1 (8.1) |
5.3 (7.8) |
−10.2 |
| None |
14.8 |
15.5 |
2.1 |
| 1-5 |
51.1 |
57.1 |
12.1 |
| 6-10 |
16.4 |
14.8 |
−4.5 |
| 11-20 |
11.9 |
7.8 |
−13.9 |
| >20 |
5.8 |
4.8 |
−4.4 |
| Combined Model score (mean (SD))** |
27.0 (20.2) |
26.1 (20.1) |
−4.3 |
| Low risk |
14.6 |
15.9 |
3.5 |
| Moderate risk |
30.0 |
32.1 |
4.5 |
| High risk |
44.3 |
41.6 |
−5.6 |
| Very high risk | 11.1 | 10.5 | −1.9 |
SD = Standard deviation.
*n(controls) = 1096, n(intervention = 1214). First quartile is least deprived, fourth quartile is most deprived.
**n(controls) = 1,047; n(intervention) = 1,191. Risk categories denote top proportions of site population: very high risk (0.5%), high risk (0.5-5%), moderate risk (5-20%), and low risk (20-100%).