. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 15.

Published in final edited form as: Gene. 2013 Oct 12;534(1):10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.114. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.114

Table 2.

Evolutionary rates of nucleotide substitution of SWS1 opsin genes.

Group	Evolutionary rates (× 10⁻⁹)				All positions (× 10⁻⁹)
	a₁	a₂	a₃	a₁₊₂	a	a
coelacanths	0.27 ± 0.05	0.15 ± 0.04**	0.99 ± 0.13**^,††	0.21 ± 0.03^††	0.47 ± 0.04	0.40
seals	0.05 ± 0.06**	0.24 ± 0.13	1.46 ± 0.33**^,††	0.15 ± 0.07^††	0.58 ± 0.12	0.56
cetaceans	0.31 ± 0.13	0.16 ± 0.09**	1.41 ± 0.28**^,††	0.24 ± 0.08^††	0.63 ± 0.11	0.60
prosimians	0.44 ± 0.15	0.24 ± 0.11**	0.93 ± 0.22**^,†	0.34 ± 0.09^†	0.54 ± 0.10	0.52
bats	0.53 ± 0.20	0.25 ± 0.13**	1.61 ± 0.35**^,††	0.39 ± 0.12^††	0.80 ± 0.24	0.77
cichlids	0.48 ± 0.20	0.02 ± 0.04**	1.34 ± 0.34**^,††	0.25 ± 0.10^††	0.61 ± 0.13	ND
pearleye	0.29 ± 0.08	0.18 ± 0.06**	2.19 ± 0.26**^,††	0.23 ± 0.05^††	0.89 ± 0.08	ND

Average	0.34 ± 0.04	0.18 ± 0.03**	1.42 ± 0.19**^,††	0.25 ± 0.02^††	0.65 ± 0.07	0.57
	b₁	b₂	b₃	b₁₊₂	b	b
coelacanths	1.13 ± 0.20	0.52 ± 0.13**	1.25 ± 0.22**	0.83 ± 0.12	0.97 ± 0.11	0.94
seals	2.57 ± 0.71*	1.06 ± 0.45*	1.20 ± 0.47	1.81 ± 0.42	1.61 ± 0.32	1.65
cetaceans	0.65 ± 0.19	0.75 ± 0.21	1.30 ± 0.28^†	0.68 ± 0.14^†	0.90 ± 0.13	0.84
prosimians	1.88 ± 0.33	1.12 ± 0.25	1.65 ± 0.30	1.50 ± 0.20	1.55 ± 0.17	1.26
bats	1.22 ± 0.34*	2.76 ± 0.53*	2.03 ± 0.44	1.99 ± 0.31	2.00 ± 0.44	1.61
cichlids	1.12 ± 0.47	1.29 ± 0.50	2.82 ± 0.75	1.22 ± 0.34	1.74 ± 0.34	ND
pearleye	0.56 ± 0.11	0.39 ± 0.09**	1.46 ± 0.20**^,†	0.52 ± 0.08^†	0.80 ± 0.08	ND

Average	1.31 ± 0.16	1.13 ± 0.13	1.65 ± 0.25	1.22 ± 0.10	1.37 ± 0.17	1.26

The largest difference among a_i or b_i (i = 1, 2, 3) is significantly different at the 5% (*) and 1% level (**). The difference between a₁₊₂ and a₃ or between b₁₊₂ and b₃ is significantly different at the 5% (^†) and 1% level (^††). ND: not determined.