Table 1.
Comparison of maternal outcome in women having PP with and without PA (n=122)
| Variable | PP without PA (n=97) | PP with PA (n=25) | Significance test | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) (mean ± SD) | 32.4±5.03 | 35.2±4.60 | t=2.5 | 0.002 |
| Parity (mean ± SD) | 3.5±2.55 | 4.9±2.46 | t=2.4 | 0.002 |
| History of previous CS | ||||
| Patients (n, %) | 46 (47.4%) | 24 (96%) | χ2=19.2 | <0.0001 |
| Mean number of CS (± SD) | 1.0±1.39 | 2.8±1.4 | t=5.7 | <0.001 |
| Grade of PP | ||||
| Major (complete and partial) (n, %) | 55 (56.7%) | 25 (100%) | χ2=16.5 | <0.0001 |
| Minor (marginal and low lying) (n, %) | 42 (40.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | χ2=14.8 | <0.0001 |
| Emergency surgery (n, %) | 49 (50.5%) | 7 (28%) | χ2=4.0 | 0.042 |
| Elective surgery (n, %) | 48 (49.5%) | 18 (72%) | χ2=4.1 | 0.043 |
| Gestational age at time of delivery (weeks) (mean ± SD) | 35.7±2.56 | 36.5±1.38 | t=1.67 | 0.045 |
| Cesarean hysterectomy (n, %) | 3 (3.1%) | 21 (84%) | χ2=71.2 | <0.0001 |
| Urinary tract injuries (n, %) | 4 (4.1%) | 8 (32%) | χ2=14.2 | <0.0001 |
| EBL, mean ± SD (mL) | 796.6±813.76 | 2,984±1,685.39 | t=2.5 | 0.001 |
| PRBC transfusion | ||||
| Patients receiving transfusion (n, %) | 45 (46.4%) | 25 (100%) | χ2=23.4 | <0.0001 |
| Units | ||||
| Range | 0–10 | 2–28 | ||
| Mean ± SD | 1.3±2.89 | 7.7±6.42 | t=2.23 | 0.012 |
| ≥10 units | 1 (1%) | 7 (28%) | Fisher’s exact test | <0.0001 |
| Operative time (minutes) (mean ± SD) | 57.2±30.29 | 146.3±50.05 | t=2.9 | <0.0001 |
| Admission to maternity HDU (n, %) | 15 (15.5%) | 25 (100%) | χ2=64.5 | <0.0001 |
| Admission to ICU (n, %) | 2 (2.1%) | 10 (40%) | χ2=28.1 | <0.0001 |
| Postoperative hospital stay (days), (mean ± SD) | 4.4±0.67 | 7.1±3.01 | t=2.07 | 0.013 |
| Hospital stay >5 days (n, %) | 7 (7.2%) | 17 (68%) | χ2=42.7 | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: CS, cesarean section; HDU, high-dependency unit; ICU, intensive care unit; EBL, estimated blood loss; PRBC, packed red blood cells; SD, standard deviation; PA, placenta accreta; PP, placenta previa.