Table 2.

Characterization of Aedes aegypti from laboratory colonies and sampled populations

			Temephos		Detoxifying enzymesa
Sample	Origin	Exposureb	RR95c	Statusd	GST	α-est	P-est	β-est	MFO
Rockefeller	Laboratory	N	1.0	S	RF	RF	RF	RF	RF
RecL	Laboratory	N	1.0	S	U	U	U	U	U
RecR (F20)e	Laboratory	Temephos	179.8	HR	A	A	U	U	A
F. de Noronha	Field	Bti	2.4	S	HA	A	HA	U	U
Bacabal	Field	Temephos	6.6	MR	HA	A	A	U	A
Recife	Field	Temephos/Bti	7.1	MR	A	U	U	U	U
Macapá	Field	Temephos/Bti/IGR	11.0	HR	A	HA	HA	A	U
João Pessoa	Field	Temephos/Bti/IGR	11.7	HR	HA	A	HA	U	U
Salgueiro	Field	Temephos	60.0	HR	HA	U	HA	U	A
G. do Goitá	Field	Temephos	72.0	HR	A	A	A	U	U
Oiapoque	Field	Temephos	102.5	HR	A	HA	HA	U	U
Cedro	Field	Temephos	132.7	HR	HA	A	A	U	HA
A. da Ingazeira	Field	Temephos	120.6	HR	HA	HA	HA	A	U
S. J. do Egito	Field	Temephos	124.7	HR	HA	U	A	U	A
S. C. do Capibaribe	Field	Temephos	142.4	HR	HA	A	HA	U	U
Agrestina	Field	Temephos	212.6	HR	HA	A	A	U	A
Araripina	Field	Temephos	252.7	HR	A	HA	A	U	U

^aGST (glutathione-S-transferases), α-est (α-esterases), P-est (PNPA esterases), β-est (β-esterases) and MFO (mixed-function oxidases) were classified according to Brasil (2006): RF-reference, U-unaltered, A-altered, HA-highly altered.

^bExposure records until 2010 for temephos, Bti-Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis, IGR (Diflubenzuron or Novaluron).

^cResistance Ratio at Lethal Concentrations (mg/L) for 95% of exposed larvae after 24 h: LC for sample tested/LC for the Rockefeller colony.

^dClassification adapted from Mazzari and Georghiou (1995): S-Susceptible (RR < 3), LR-Low Resistance (3 < RR < 5), MR-Moderate Resistance (5 < RR < 10), HR-High Resistance (>10).

^eData from Strode et al. (2012).