Table 1.
Subject characteristics at baseline (program intake) Michigan Minimum Data Set for Home Care: Detroit residents age 55+ (n = 1,188)
| Mean (S.D.) or N (%) | |
|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |
| Age | 78.7 (10.0) |
| Female | 842 (71 %) |
| African-American | 921 (78 %) |
| Not married | 843 (71 %) |
| Lives alone | 419 (35 %) |
| Health status | |
| Number of chronic health conditions | 3.3 (1.8) |
| Vision impairment (0 = none, 4 = severe) | 0.9 (0.9) |
| Mean self-care difficulty score (0 = independent, 5 = total dependency) | 1.6 (1.1) |
| Mobility impairment (0 = none, 5 = severe) | 2.4 (1.8) |
| Reports fear of falling outdoors | 665 (56 %) |
| Outdoor mobilitya | |
| Goes outdoors at least once a week | 1,752 (67.8 %) |
| Number of days out per week | 1.6 (1.7) |
| Home environment | |
| Barriers at entry | 232 (23 %) |
| Urban residential environment | |
| Sidewalks in place on both sides of street | 986 (83 %) |
| Continuous unbroken sidewalks | 807 (68 %) |
| Smooth sidewalk surfaces | 641 (54 %) |
| Sidewalks free from obstructions | 760 (64 %) |
| Sidewalks wide enough for two people to pass | 807 (68 %) |
| Public transit stop on the block | 368 (31 %) |
| Urban accessibility score (range, 0–6) | 3.5 (1.2) |
aPresented for baseline; modeled as time-varying