Table 6.
Trends in stunting among Ghanaian children stratified by maternal education and place of residence, 0-36 Months 1993 to 2008 with 95% CI
| |
1993 |
1998 |
2003 |
2008 |
|
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | C.I | % | C.I | % | C.I | % | C.I | p | X2 | Total N | |
|
Urban |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| male |
35.7 |
24.3, 49.0 |
33.0 |
21.7, 46.6 |
32.1 |
21.7, 44.6 |
25.4 |
15.5, 38.8 |
.69 |
1.60 |
252 |
| female |
22.0 |
12.6, 35.6 |
17.9 |
8.5, 33.8 |
35.2 |
22.9, 49.9 |
21.6 |
10.6, 39.1 |
.23 |
4.61 |
177 |
|
Primary |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| male |
26.1 |
20.2, 33.2 |
26.9 |
16.4, 40.9 |
22.0 |
13.4, 33.8 |
31.3 |
20.4, 44.7 |
.70 |
1.58 |
361 |
| female |
18.1 |
13.0, 24.7 |
17.5 |
7.9, 34.3 |
13.0 |
5.9, 26.3 |
24.2 |
14.1, 38.3 |
.56 |
2.31 |
310 |
|
High school+ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| male |
12.2 |
5.6, 24.7 |
12.2 |
7.3, 19.6 |
28.8 |
22.3, 36.4 |
22.2 |
15.7, 29.9 |
.004 |
14.29 |
496 |
| female |
8.1 |
2.6, 22.4 |
15.5 |
9.5, 24.2 |
21.4 |
14.3, 30.8 |
16.5 |
10.9, 24.2 |
.31 |
3.90 |
405 |
|
Rural |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| male |
43.1 |
37.8, 48.6 |
30.4 |
25.7, 35.5 |
40.8 |
36.1, 45.8 |
26.8 |
21.3, 33.1 |
.001 |
27.76 |
1467 |
| female |
39.9 |
31.9, 42.1 |
30.5 |
25.0, 36.5 |
41.5 |
35.5, 47.7 |
21.1 |
15.4, 28.3 |
.001 |
22.28 |
1104 |
|
Primary |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| male |
38.0 |
33.3, 43.1 |
33.1 |
25.9, 41.1 |
35.9 |
28.5, 44.1 |
32.8 |
25.1, 41.5 |
.63 |
1.91 |
842 |
| female |
35.5 |
30.6, 40.8 |
24.1 |
16.7, 33.5 |
28.7 |
21.5, 37.3 |
28.0 |
19.5, 38.4 |
.11 |
6.51 |
685 |
|
High school+ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| male |
20.0 |
5.0, 54.2 |
26.7 |
21.4, 32.8 |
37.0 |
30.1, 44.4 |
27.6 |
21.0, 35.4 |
.09 |
6.66 |
611 |
| female | 20.0 | 6.6, 47.1 | 21.5 | 16.3, 27.9 | 33.5 | 25.8, 42.1 | 31.3 | 23.8, 39.8 | .06 | 7.52 | 493 |