Table 1. Correlation between p16 (INK4a) protein expression and clinicopathological variables in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
| Characteristics | p16 (INK4a) [N (%)] | |
|---|---|---|
| Negative | Positive | |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 33 (46.5) | 38 (53.5) |
| Female | 2 (50) | 2 (50) |
| Race | ||
| Caucasian | 32 (47.8) | 35 (52.2) |
| Non-Caucasian | 3 (37.5) | 5 (62.5) |
| Smoking habit | ||
| No | 0* | 4 (100) |
| Yes | 35 (49.3) | 36 (50.7) |
| Alcohol consumption | ||
| No | 6 (46.2) | 7 (53.8) |
| Yes | 29 (46.8) | 33 (53.2) |
| Tumor site | ||
| Pharynx | 30 (47.6) | 33 (52.4) |
| Larynx | 5 (41.7) | 7 (58.3) |
| T stage | ||
| T1+T2 | 8 (36.4) | 14 (63.6) |
| T3+T4 | 23 (52.3) | 21 (47.7) |
| Lymph nodes | ||
| N0 | 19 (48.7) | 20 (51.3) |
| N+ | 12 (44.4) | 15 (55.6) |
| Histological grade | ||
| I | 14 (53.8) | 12 (46.2) |
| II | 19 (45.2) | 23 (54.8) |
| III | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) |
| Vascular embolization | ||
| No | 3 (20)* | 12 (80) |
| Yes | 31 (54.4) | 26 (45.6) |
| Lymphatic permeation | ||
| No | 6 (23.1)* | 20 (76.9) |
| Yes | 28 (60.9) | 18 (39.1) |
| Perineural infiltration | ||
| No | 21 (52.5) | 19 (47.5) |
| Yes | 13 (40.6) | 19 (59.4) |
| Capsular rupture | ||
| No | 23 (52.3) | 21 (47.7) |
| Yes | 12 (40) | 18 (60) |
| Surgical margins | ||
| Negative | 27 (42.2)* | 37 (57.8) |
| Positive | 5 (83.3) | 1 (16.7) |
| Status | ||
| Alive | 14 (38.9) | 22 (61.1) |
| Dead | 21 (53.8) | 18 (46.2) |
Data are reported as number with percent (considering cases with complete information) in parentheses.
*
P < 0.05 (chi-square or Fisher exact tests).