Figure 2. Nitroalkene-activation of anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. On the left side of the scheme, the signaling role of nitroalkenes and nitroalkene thiol adducts on transcription factors is indicated in a cell with normal levels of GSH. On the right side, cytotoxic events predominate as a result of an increase in NOx, leading to pro-oxidant pathways that include GSH depletion, protein tyrosine nitration and lipid oxidation, triggering apoptotic cascades. Adapted from Ref. 47, with permission.