Table 3.
Descriptive statistics on regulation problems (T1 and T2), HBS overall stress (T1), maternal stress levels and dysfunctionality of the mother-child interaction (T1) and on children`s developmental levels (T1, T3)
| M (SD) | Range | N | K-S-Test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
SFS C/S T1 |
1.56 (0.30) |
1.00 - 2.50 |
153 |
n.s. |
|
SFS F T1 |
1.23 (0.29) |
1.00 – 2.69 |
153 |
p < 0.000 |
|
SFS C/S T2 |
1.54 (0.32) |
1.04 - 2.75 |
140 |
p < 0.002 |
|
SFS F T2 |
1.28 (0.32) |
1.00 – 2.46 |
140 |
p < 0.000 |
|
HBS O T1 |
49.53 (15.00) |
10 - 90 |
150 |
p < 0.000 |
|
PSI PD T1 |
2.28 (0.76) |
1.00 – 4.58 |
127 |
n.s. |
|
PSI DI T1 |
1.40 (0.43) |
1.00 – 3.33 |
126 |
p < 0.000 |
|
ASQ C T1 |
51.40 |
20 - 60 |
153 |
p < 0.000 |
|
ASQ GM T1 |
55.98 |
20 - 60 |
153 |
p < 0.000 |
|
ASQ FM T1 |
47.58 |
15 - 60 |
153 |
p < 0.000 |
|
ASQ PS T1 |
53.31 |
15 - 60 |
151 |
p < 0.000 |
|
ASQ SD T1 |
50.49 |
15 - 60 |
152 |
p < 0.000 |
|
ASQ C T3 |
44.84 (10.63) |
20 - 60 |
123 |
p < 0.004 |
|
ASQ GM T3 |
46.84 (15.78) |
5 - 60 |
122 |
p < 0.000 |
|
ASQ FM T3 |
49.71 (10.49) |
10 - 60 |
122 |
p < 0.000 |
|
ASQ PS T3 |
47.17 (10.53) |
15 - 60 |
120 |
p < 0.003 |
| ASQ SD T3 | 43.90 (13.44) | 10 - 60 | 123 | p < 0.006 |
K-S-Test: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of normal distribution; SFS: Questionnaires on Crying, Feeding and Sleep; C/S: “Crying / Sleep”; F: “Feeding”; HBS: Heidelberger Belastungsskala; O: Overall stress; PSI: Parental Stress Index; PD : “Parental distress“; DI: “Dysfunctional parent–child interaction”; ASQ: Ages and Stages Questionnaire¸ C : “Communication”; GM: “Gross motor skills”; FM: “Fine motor skills”; PS: “Problem-solving skills”; SD: “Social development”; n.s.: not significant.