Figure 7. Parsimonious reconciliation of a non-binary gene tree.

(a) A binary species tree. (b) A non-binary gene tree. (c–e) The three possible refinements of the non-binary gene tree. Under parsimony, the refinement in (c) results in the best reconciliation with the species tree, as it results, assuming ILS, DL, or HGT, in 1 extra lineage, 1 duplication and 3 losses, and 1 HGT, respectively.