Table 1.
Overview of studies’ sample characteristics, alcohol-related inclusion criteria, study design, intervention components, and assessment time points
| Study Citations | Sample Size by Gender (Sample size included in analyses); Ethnicity | Alcohol Inclusion Criteria | Study Conditions | RCT | Number (Length) of Intervention Sessions | Core Intervention Components | Assessment Time Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (42) | N = 25 men, 5 women; 52% Hispanic, 39% African-American, 7% Caucasian, 3% Other | ✓ | E: Individual AU + Daily phone calls | E: 1 (30 min) + 90 phone calls | MI | Pre, daily self-report over 3 mos, 1 mos, 2 mos | |
| (43) | N = 74 men, 41 women; 78% African American, 9% Hispanic, 4% Caucasian, 8% Other | ✓ | E: Individual AU, SU, RR C: WLC |
✓ | E: 4 (60 min) | MI, RR | Pre, 3 mos, 6 mos, 9 mos, 12 mos, 15 mos |
| (44) | N = 103 male, 27 women; 66% African American, 18% Hispanic, 6% Caucasian, 11% Other | ✓ | E: Individual MAT, AU C: Individual MAT, AU: Education only |
✓ | E: 8 (60 min) C: 8 (60 min) |
MI, CBT | Pre, 3 mos, 6 mos |
| (45) | N = 253 men; 54% African American, 20% Hispanic, 17% Caucasian, 9% Other | ✓ | E: Group + Individual AU, RR C: Referral information |
✓ | E: 4 Group (Length NR) + 4 Individual (Length NR) | SOC, MI, RR | Pre, 3 mos, 6 mos, 9 mos, 12 mos |
| (46) | N = 370 men, 101 women; 50% African American, 29% Caucasian, 13% Hispanic, 8% Other | ✓ | E: Computerized SU, AU, RR C: TAU |
✓ | E: 1 (30 min) + 1 booster at 3 mos (NR) | MI, SOC | Pre, 3 mos, 6 mos |
| (47, 48) | N = 34 men, 30 women, 1 transgendered; 88% African American, 3% Caucasian, 2% Hispanic, 8% Other | E: Individual SU, AU, RR, MAT C: WLC |
✓ | E: 4 (60 min) | MI, CBT | Pre, 3 mos, 6 mos, 9 mos | |
| (49) | N = 123 men, 28 women; 30% Caucasian, 47% African American, 23% Other | ✓ | E: Individual MAT, SU, AU C: TAU |
✓ | E: 1 (60 min) + 1 (30–45 min) at 3 weeks + 1 (15–30 min) at 1 mos + 1 (15–30 min) at 3 mos | MI | Pre, 1 mos, 2 mos, 3 mos, 6 mos, 12 mos, 13 mos |
| (50) | N = 130 women, 117 men; 68% African American, 17% Hispanic, 10% Caucasian | E: Group SM C: Support group |
✓ | E: 15 (90 min) C: 15 (90 min) |
CBT, SM | Pre, post, 4 mos, 8 mos, 12 mos | |
| (51) | N = 75, Gender NR; Ethnicity NR | ✓ | E: Group AU C: TAU |
✓ | E: 6 (90 min) | CBT | Pre, post, 1 mos, 2 mos, 3 mos |
| (52) |
US sample:
N = 187 women; 73% African American, 9% Hispanic, 8% Caucasian, 4% Haitian, 8% Other Zambia sample: N = 303 men; 32% Ngoni/Nsenga/Tumbaka, 30% Bemba, 16% Tonga/Mambwe/Namwanya, 22% Other |
E: Group RR C: Individual RR |
✓ | E: 3 (120 min) C: 3 (120 min) |
RR | Pre, 6 mos, 12 mos | |
| (53) | N = 739 men, 197 women; 45% African American, 32% Caucasian, 15% Hispanic, 8% Other | E: Individual SM, RR, SU, MAT C: WLC |
✓ | E: 5 (90 min) | CM, SM, RR | Pre, 5 mos, 10 mos, 15 mos, 20 mos, 25 mos | |
| (54) | N = 224 men, 86 women; 27% African American, 37% Hispanic, 19% Caucasian, 17% Other | E: Group SU, AU, RR C: WLC |
✓ | E: 23 (120 min) | RR | Pre, 9 mos, 15 mos | |
| (55) | N = 137 men, 38 women; 42% Hispanic, 26% African American, 23% Caucasian, 8% Other | E: Individual SU, AU, RR (in person) C1: Individual SU, AU, RR (by phone) C2: WLC |
✓ | E: 18 (120 min) C1: 18 (120 min) |
RR | Pre, 3 mos, 6 mos, 9 mos, 15 mos | |
| (56)† | N = 216 men, 54 women; 26% Caucasian, 56% African American, 12% Hispanic, 7% Other | E: Individual SU, AU, RR, SM C: WLC |
✓ | E: 15 (90 min) | CM, SM, RR | Pre, 5 mos, 10 mos, 15 mos, 20 mos, 25 mos | |
| (57) | N = 139 men, 51 women; 43% African American, 42% Caucasian, 7% Hispanic, 8% Other | ✓ | E: Individual AU, SU, RR C: Brief education and referral |
✓ | E: CM over 12 mos (Number and length of sessions NR) | CM | Pre, 6 mos, 12 mos, 18 mos |
Notes: When multiple papers were written on a single intervention trial, study citation numbers for these papers are listed in succession.
This study conducted a subset analysis from (53).
NR: Not reported; E: Experimental intervention condition; C: Comparison/control condition; AU: Alcohol Use reduction intervention content; SU: Substance Use reduction intervention content; RR: Risk Reduction for sexual risk and HIV transmission risk behaviors; SM: Stress Management; MAT: Medication Adherence Training; WLC: Wait-list-control; TAU: Treatment As Usual; RCT: Randomized Controlled Trial; min: Minutes; MI: Motivational Interviewing; CBT: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; SOC: Stages of Change; CM: Case Management; Pre: Pre-intervention assessment; Post: Immediate post-intervention assessment; mos: Months.